Malaria is a severe disease spread by mosquitoes and if it isn’t diagnosed and treated quickly, it can be deadly. It is a serious disease which occurs almost exclusively in the tropics and subtropics. It’s typically transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Infected mosquitoes carry the Plasmodium parasite and when this mosquito bites a person, the parasite is released into bloodstream of a person. Once the parasites are inside the body of a person, they travel to the liver, where they mature. After several days, the mature parasites enter the bloodstream and begin to infect red blood cells. The parasites inside the red blood cells multiply within 48 to 72 hours, causing the infected cells to burst open. The parasites continue to infect red blood cells, resulting in symptoms that occur in cycles that last two to three days at a time. There are four kinds of malaria parasites that can infect humans: Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. falciparum. P. falciparum causes a more severe form of the disease and those who contract this form of malaria have a higher risk of death. An infected mother can also pass the disease to her baby at birth. This is known as congenital malaria. Malaria is transmitted by blood, so it can also be transmitted through an organ transplant, a transfusion and use of shared needles or syringes. The symptoms of malaria typically develop within 10 days to 4 weeks following the infection. In some cases, symptoms may not develop for several months. Some malarial parasites can enter the body but will be dormant for long periods of time. The common symptoms of malaria include: shaking chills that can range from moderate to severe, high fever, profuse sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, muscle pain, convulsions, coma and bloody stools. In case any one feel any symptom of malaria, he/she should approach to a doctor. The doctor will be able to diagnose malaria. The doctor will review health history, including any recent travel to tropical climates and a physical examination. The doctor will be able to determine if a person have an enlarged spleen or liver. If anyone have symptoms of malaria, the doctor may order additional blood tests to confirm diagnosis. These tests will show whether a person have malaria, what type of malaria a person have, if infection is caused by a parasite that’s resistant to certain types of drugs and if the disease has caused anemia. Malaria can cause a number of life-threatening complications such as swelling of the blood vessels of the brain, or cerebral malaria, an accumulation of fluid in the lungs that causes breathing problems, or pulmonary edema, organ failure of the kidneys, liver, or spleen, anemia due to the destruction of red blood cells and low blood sugar. Globally more than 249 million malaria cases were reported in 2023. The recently released World Malaria Report shows that the number of cases and deaths due to the mosquito-borne infection India have continued to decline. This year World Malaria Day 2024 will be held on Thursday, April 25th. This Day offers us the chance to band together in the fight against this fatal illness and gain momentum for a world free of malaria. We can make a difference in everyone’s health by being aware, acting, and fighting for a healthy world. Established to highlight the progress made and the challenges that persist in the fight against this mosquito-borne disease, the day serves as a rallying cry for governments, organizations, and individuals worldwide to unite in the common goal of eradicating malaria. It offers an opportunity for showcasing accomplishments, exchanging expertise, and reaffirming commitments to creative solutions and persistent work. On World Malaria Day, communities join hands to underscore the importance of prevention, treatment, and research, fostering a sense of shared responsibility in the journey towards a malaria-free world. On World Malaria Day 2024, Dr. Virendra Singh, a distinguished and committed guide in the field of public health, took center stage at Asthma Bhawan to share invaluable insights and guidance in the ongoing battle against malaria. The theme for World Malaria Day 2024 is “Time to deliver zero malaria: invest, innovate, implement”. The World Health Organization (WHO) will concentrate on the theme’s application. Every year on April 25th, World Malaria Day is a worldwide and local occasion of great significance. Here are some key reasons why it matters: 1. Raising Awareness : Spotlight on Malaria: On World Malaria Day, we raise awareness of this fatal illness that still kills hundreds of thousands of people each year, mostly children in Africa. It brings the issue to the forefront of public discourse, prompting conversations and sparking action.
“World Malaria Day is important because it provides a platform for promoting sustained funding, resource mobilization, accomplishment celebration, awareness-building, and innovation in the ongoing international campaign to eradicate the disease. The World Malaria Day and continued awareness and prevention, as well as lobbying for better political support must continue and increase in order to eradicate the disease and prevent deaths from it.”
Education and Understanding: It provides millions of people worldwide with information about the causes, symptoms, and prevention of malaria, enabling them to take the appropriate precautions. 2. Inspiring Action: a. Mobilizing for Change: World Malaria Day is about more than just raising awareness; it’s about pushing for effective measures to eradicate and control the disease. The day serves as a platform for organizing initiatives like: Community awareness drives,Mosquito net distribution campaigns and Fundraising for research and development.
b. Empowering Individuals: It encourages individuals to use mosquito nets and seek early diagnosis and treatment as examples of preventive behaviors in their daily lives. c. Global Impact: The World Malaria Day movement has led to several significant successes, such as: Additional funds were allocated to anti-malaria initiatives, Improved access to diagnostic tools and medication.Creation of fresh approaches to treatment and prevention.
3. Building a Movement: Strengthening Collaboration: On World Malaria Day, governments, medical institutions, NGOs, researchers, and local communities all over the world come together to celebrate and promote unity against malaria. It facilitates knowledge sharing, resource exchange, and coordinated efforts against malaria. Connecting Local Action: It gives people access to regional groups and projects that are already combating malaria, enabling them to take part in and support existing efforts. Inclusive Approach: World Malaria Day encourages diversity and makes sure that different voices are heard in developing solutions by including people of all ages, ethnicities, and cultures. 4. Shifting Mindsets: Human-Planet Connection: World Malaria Day serves as a reminder that the health of the earth and human health are closely linked. It emphasizes the impact of environmental factors like climate change on the spread of malaria and the need for a holistic approach. Promoting Responsibility: Honoring Earth as our home encourages us to take responsibility for preserving the environment and averting contagious illnesses like malaria. Investing in the Future: The day emphasizes the importance of long-term commitment and sustainable solutions. It urges us to think about how our activities will affect future generations and the necessity of safeguarding their health and welfare. The history of World Malaria Day is characterized by a path of rising commitment, increasing awareness, and significant developments in the management and, eventually, eradication of the terrible disease. Here’s a glimpse into its evolution: 1. Early Years (2000-2007): Africa Malaria Day: Africa Malaria Day was first observed on April 25, 2001, by African nations as a way to draw attention to the disease’s disproportionate impact on the continent and to support regional efforts to prevent it. Focus on Awareness and Action: The day aims to mobilize funds for control efforts within Africa and to increase awareness about malaria prevention and treatment. 2. Evolution to World Malaria Day (2008-Present): Global Recognition: The World Health Assembly approved the idea to rename Africa Malaria Day to World Malaria Day in 2007 in recognition of the disease’s global impact. This change represented a major advancement in the understanding and treatment of malaria as a worldwide health concern. Annual Themes: Since then, annual themes have been adopted by World Malaria Day to draw attention to particular facets of the battle against malaria. The themes of these campaigns have varied throughout time, starting with “Malaria: Time for Change” in 2008 and ending with “End Malaria for Good” in 2023. Increased Momentum: World Malaria Day has developed into a platform for international advocacy, resource mobilization, and progress assessment over time. It has fostered collaboration between governments, health organizations NGOs, researchers, and communities, leading to: Increased funding for malaria control programs. Increased availability of drugs and bed nets, two preventative measures. Development of new diagnostic and treatment methods. significant decline in malaria fatalities and cases, especially in Africa. 3. Looking Ahead: The struggle against malaria is far from ended, despite tremendous advances. World Malaria Day continues to play a crucial role in: Maintaining Global Commitment: Bringing attention to the global malaria epidemic and the necessity of continued funding. Driving Innovation: Highlighting the significance of research and development in the pursuit of novel approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Promoting Equity and Access: Ensuring that everyone, regardless of location or socioeconomic status, has access to malaria prevention and care. The history of World Malaria Day is proof of the effectiveness of group efforts and unwavering resolve in addressing issues related to global health. As we move forward, World Malaria Day continues to be a vital beacon for a future free from Malaria. Established by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2007, this day serves as a platform to raise awareness, mobilize action, and celebrate progress in the fight against malaria. When we examine the significance of World Malaria Day, it is clear that this international campaign is essential for promoting cooperation, creativity, and advocacy in the long run to eradicate malaria. Raising Awareness: World Malaria Day serves as a vital catalyst for raising awareness about the impact of malaria on communities worldwide. The day intends to educate people on the causes, symptoms, and preventive measures against malaria through educational campaigns, outreach activities, and media initiatives. Mobilizing Global Action: The fight against malaria requires a united front on a global scale. On World Malaria Day, communities, governments, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) join together to celebrate the disease. Programs for controlling and eliminating malaria can be strengthened by the international community through coordination, sharing of expertise, and resource mobilization. Celebrating Progress: On World Malaria Day, we may celebrate the tremendous strides that have been made in the fight against malaria. Numerous areas have had success with initiatives to provide access to efficient treatment, provide bed nets coated with insecticide, and create cutting-edge instruments and technologies. Fostering Innovation: In the battle against malaria, innovation is key. World Malaria Day offers a chance to highlight and promote the creation of novel medical treatments, technology, and disease-fighting strategies. By fostering a culture of innovation, the global community can stay ahead of evolving challenges and work towards more effective and sustainable solutions. Global Progress and Challenges are 1. Progress to Celebrate: Reduction in Malaria Incidence: Global malaria cases have significantly decreased as a result of sustained efforts. Increased Access to Treatment: More people are now able to access life-saving antimalarial medications, resulting in prompt and efficient care for more people. Innovations in Prevention: The decrease in the spread of malaria has been attributed to the creation and application of cutting-edge preventative techniques such as indoor residual spraying and bed nets treated with insecticides. 2. Persistent Challenges: Drug Resistance: Treatment efficacy is seriously threatened by the advent of drug-resistant forms of the malaria parasite.
Vector Control Challenges: Malaria control efforts are nevertheless hampered by mosquito resistance to pesticides and challenges in adopting long-term vector control methods.Impact of COVID-19: The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak has thrown off health systems and redirected resources, which could make attempts to prevent and control malaria more difficult. In brief, World Malaria Day is an annual observance held on April 25th, initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2007. It aims to raise awareness, mobilize global action, and celebrate progress in the fight against malaria. The theme for World Malaria Day 2024 is “Time to deliver zero malaria: invest, innovate, implement”. World Malaria Day is important because it provides a platform for promoting sustained funding, resource mobilization, accomplishment celebration, awareness-building, and innovation in the ongoing international campaign to eradicate the disease. The World Malaria Day and continued awareness and prevention, as well as lobbying for better political support must continue and increase in order to eradicate the disease and prevent deaths from it.
(The authors write regularly and exclusively for the opinion pages of “Kashmir Horizon”. The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”.)
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