“Plantation drives are welcome, but real environmental progress begins when enthusiasm gives way to accountability.”

Every year, Kashmir witnesses plantation drives organised by government departments, schools, environmental organisations and local communities. Saplings are planted along roadsides, in parks, on school grounds and in other open spaces. Officials participate, people volunteer, and the message is encouraging: Kashmir must become greener. But there is a question we rarely ask after the photographs are taken and the events are over. How many of those saplings are still alive a year later? That is where the real test of a plantation drive begins. Planting a tree is easy. Keeping it alive through Kashmir’s dry spells, harsh winters, grazing pressure and other local challenges requires planning, protection and responsibility. Without these, a plantation campaign may look impressive on paper while delivering far less than expected on the ground. Kashmir needs plantation drives. But it needs something more: a serious commitment to the survival of every tree planted.
A Tree Needs More Than A Hole In The Ground: Much of the discussion around plantation focuses on the number of saplings planted. The condition of the soil receives far less attention. Yet soil is where a tree’s future begins. Healthy soil holds moisture, supports root development and provides nutrients. It contains organic matter and countless microorganisms that help maintain the ecosystem. Poor, compacted or eroded soil can make it difficult for young plants to establish themselves. A sapling may be planted with good intentions, but if the soil is unsuitable, watering is neglected or the plant is left unprotected, its chances of survival decline. This matters particularly in Kashmir, where mountain slopes, forest floors, orchards and agricultural land are vulnerable to erosion and changing weather conditions. A plantation drive that ignores soil health is missing a vital part of the job.
The Govt Must Look Beyond Plantation Figures: The plantation initiatives undertaken by the Jammu and Kashmir Government deserve appreciation. Government departments, forest officials, educational institutions and municipal bodies have an important role in expanding green cover and encouraging public participation. The Directorate of Urban Local Bodies Kashmir reported a plantation initiative covering urban local bodies across the Valley. A separate plantation and awareness programme was organised at Nilnag in Budgam, bringing together students, forest officials and members of civil society. Such efforts are welcome. But their long-term value depends on what happens after the plantation day. Authorities should maintain clear records of planted saplings and conduct follow-up inspections. Survival rates should be published, damaged plantations should be identified, and failed saplings should be replaced where appropriate. Every department involved in plantation should be able to answer three simple questions: How many saplings were planted? How many survived? What is being done to protect them? These are reasonable demands, not criticism of plantation efforts. Public money and public participation deserve measurable results.
Nature Cannot Be Restored Through Numbers Alone: There is another mistake we must avoid: assuming that planting more trees automatically means restoring nature. It does not. A plantation of unsuitable species can fail to support the local ecosystem. Planting trees in the wrong place can damage existing habitats. On some sites, protecting natural regeneration and allowing native vegetation to recover may be more effective than introducing additional saplings. The right species must be selected for the right location, taking account of soil, elevation, moisture and the surrounding ecosystem. Kashmir’s forests are not empty land waiting to be filled with trees. They are complex living systems containing mature trees, shrubs, grasses, microorganisms, insects, birds and other wildlife, all connected in ways that a simple plantation count cannot capture. Protecting an existing forest from degradation can be just as important as planting trees elsewhere.

“Kashmir needs scientifically planned, well-maintained plantation drives focused on sapling survival rather than high-volume, neglected plantings. Lasting environmental success requires long-term community and government care, shifting the metric of progress from trees planted to trees kept alive.”

Healthy Soil Is A Climate Solution: Soil conservation deserves a much bigger place in Kashmir’s environmental planning. Healthy soil helps rainwater enter the ground, reduces erosion and stores moisture that plants can use during dry periods. Organic matter in the soil also holds carbon, making soil management relevant to climate change mitigation. When vegetation is removed and soil is left exposed, heavy rainfall can wash away valuable topsoil. When soil loses its structure and organic matter, plants may struggle to obtain the water and nutrients they need. These problems affect not only forests but also orchards, agricultural fields and communities living near vulnerable slopes. Plantation programmes should therefore include soil assessment, suitable preparation, moisture conservation and protection against erosion. The goal must be to establish healthy trees in healthy landscapes.
The Public Has A Responsibility Too: Environmental protection cannot remain the responsibility of the Forest Department or municipal authorities alone. People often enthusiastically participate in plantation drives, but public responsibility should not end when the sapling is planted. Residents can help protect trees in their neighbourhoods. Schools can monitor plantation sites throughout the year. Community groups can report damaged plants and encourage proper maintenance. Schools, in particular, can turn plantation drives into meaningful environmental education. Students should learn not only how to plant a sapling but also why trees need healthy soil, how roots prevent erosion and how vegetation contributes to the water cycle. Imagine a school where students plant ten saplings and take responsibility for keeping them alive. At the end of the year, the school could report how many survived and what they learned from the experience. That would teach more about environmental responsibility than a one-day event followed by no further action. The same principle applies to residential colonies, public parks and community spaces. Every plantation should have someone responsible for its care.
Kashmir Cannot Afford Cosmetic Greenery: Kashmir’s environmental challenges cannot be solved through plantation alone. Forest degradation, wetland loss, pollution, poorly planned development and changing climate conditions require sustained attention. Planting trees is one part of the solution. Protecting existing forests, conserving water bodies, reducing pollution and planning land use responsibly are equally important. The government must connect plantation programmes with a wider environmental strategy. The public, meanwhile, must move beyond the belief that attending a plantation event is enough to fulfil its responsibility towards nature. The real work begins the following morning, when someone has to water the sapling, protect it from damage and make sure it survives.
Count The Trees That Survive: Kashmir does not need fewer plantation drives. It needs better ones. It needs scientifically selected species, healthy soil, proper maintenance and transparent monitoring. It needs Government departments that measure survival, schools that teach responsibility and communities that care for trees long after the publicity ends. Most importantly, it needs a change in how we measure success. A thousand saplings planted and left to die are no environmental achievement. A smaller plantation, carefully planned and successfully maintained, may deliver far greater benefits. The next time a plantation drive is announced, let us ask not only how many saplings will be planted but also who will look after them. Because a green Kashmir will not be built by planting trees for a day. It will be built by keeping them alive for decades.
(The author is a teacher and Environmental Science researcher pursuing a PhD in Environmental Science. The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”)

aqibiqbal192@gmail.com

For many patients in Jammu and Kashmir, reaching a hospital does not necessarily mean reaching the end of their search for treatment. For those living in remote villages and far-flung districts, a visit to a district hospital often ends with another referral, another journey and additional expenditure, as patients are directed towards Srinagar for specialised medical care.
The continued dependence on tertiary healthcare institutions in Srinagar has brought into focus the challenges confronting district hospitals, particularly their capacity to provide specialised treatment, advanced diagnostics and emergency medical services closer to people’s homes.
While district hospitals serve as crucial healthcare institutions for a large population, patients requiring specialised consultations, advanced surgical procedures, intensive care or complex diagnostic investigations frequently have to travel to the summer capital. The situation places an additional burden on families, many of whom already face financial and logistical difficulties.
For a patient from Kupwara, Bandipora, Gurez, Kulgam or other remote areas, a referral to Srinagar can involve several hours of travel, particularly during adverse weather conditions or when road connectivity is disrupted. For critically ill patients, the journey itself can become an additional challenge. The referral burden is not merely a question of geographical distance. It also reflects the uneven distribution of healthcare infrastructure, specialists, medical equipment and diagnostic facilities across different levels of the public health system.
District hospitals are expected to function as an important link between primary healthcare centres and tertiary medical institutions. However, their ability to manage complicated cases depends on the availability of qualified specialists, trained paramedical staff, functioning diagnostic equipment, operation theatres, blood storage facilities and round-the-clock emergency services.
Where these facilities are inadequate or unavailable, referring patients to higher medical institutions becomes necessary. While referrals are an essential part of an organised healthcare system, excessive dependence on tertiary hospitals can indicate gaps in the capacity of secondary healthcare institutions.
The consequences are visible in Srinagar, where major tertiary care hospitals cater not only to the city population but also to patients arriving from different districts of Kashmir and neighbouring areas. This places pressure on outpatient departments, emergency services, hospital beds, diagnostic facilities and medical personnel.
Overcrowding can also affect waiting times and the overall experience of patients seeking treatment. Hospitals designed to serve a particular catchment population often have to accommodate a much wider geographical area, making healthcare delivery increasingly challenging.

“Limited specialist services, diagnostic facilities and critical-care infrastructure push patients towards tertiary hospitals, adding to costs and overcrowding”.

For families, the financial implications extend beyond medical expenses. Transportation, accommodation, food and the loss of daily wages add to the cost of treatment. Patients requiring repeated consultations or follow-up procedures may have to undertake multiple journeys to Srinagar, placing considerable strain on household resources.
The situation also raises questions about healthcare accessibility for elderly people, women, children and patients requiring regular treatment. For those living in remote and poorly connected areas, distance can become a significant barrier to timely medical intervention.
Strengthening district hospitals, therefore, requires more than the construction of additional buildings or installation of medical equipment. It calls for a comprehensive approach involving specialist recruitment, retention of medical professionals, regular maintenance of equipment, availability of essential medicines and improved emergency response systems.
Equally important is the need to identify district-specific healthcare requirements and develop facilities accordingly. Hospitals in geographically remote and mountainous districts may require stronger emergency care, trauma management, maternal healthcare and diagnostic capabilities.
The government also needs to examine referral patterns, including the number and nature of cases referred from individual districts, the reasons behind such referrals and the availability of treatment facilities at the referring institutions. Such an assessment could help identify infrastructure gaps and ensure that investments are directed towards areas where they are most needed.
Telemedicine and digital consultation facilities could further reduce unnecessary travel by enabling district-level doctors to seek specialist advice from tertiary institutions. However, technology cannot substitute for the physical availability of specialists and essential medical infrastructure.
The objective should not be to discourage referrals to Srinagar, particularly when patients require advanced or highly specialised treatment. Instead, the focus must be on ensuring that cases which can be effectively managed at the district level do not have to travel unnecessarily to tertiary hospitals.
Ultimately, the strength of a healthcare system is not measured merely by the facilities available in its largest hospitals, but also by the quality of treatment accessible to people in its most remote areas.
For thousands of patients across Jammu and Kashmir, reducing the distance between illness and treatment will depend on whether district hospitals can be strengthened to deliver timely, reliable and comprehensive healthcare closer to home.
(Author is the Online Editor of “Kashmir Horizon” . The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”)
Neelofarirfan2026@gmail.com

“Matter of greater concern is the growing faculty shortage in Indian higher education and its adverse impact on teaching quality, student learning, research, and innovation. Prolonged vacancies, excessive workloads, delayed recruitment, and dependence on temporary faculty undermine academic excellence and hinder the effective implementation of NEP 2020. There is urgent need for time-bound recruitment, adequate funding, improved working conditions, and stronger institutional accountability to ensure quality education and strengthen India’s higher education system”.

India must therefore adopt a comprehensive approach to resolving the crisis. First, institutions should conduct regular assessments of their teaching requirements and fill sanctioned vacancies through transparent, time-bound recruitment procedures. Recruitment planning must consider student enrolment, subject specialization, laboratory requirements, research supervision, and future academic needs. Vacancies should not remain unfilled for years because of avoidable administrative delays. Second, governments and educational authorities must ensure adequate funding for faculty recruitment and development. Quality education requires investment in people, not merely buildings, digital platforms, and physical infrastructure.
Modern classrooms and advanced technologies cannot replace the intellectual contribution of qualified teachers. Technology can support learning, but effective teaching still requires human judgement, subject expertise, mentorship, and meaningful interaction. Third, institutions must create working environments that attract talented academics and encourage them to remain in teaching and research. Fair compensation, transparent promotion systems, professional autonomy, opportunities for research, and access to academic resources are essential. Faculty development programmes should enable teachers to update their knowledge, adopt innovative pedagogies, and respond to changing industry and societal needs.
Fourth, accountability mechanisms must focus on both staffing adequacy and educational outcomes. Regulatory authorities should regularly monitor faculty vacancies, student–teacher ratios, workload distribution, and the availability of qualified teachers in different disciplines. Institutions should be encouraged to address deficiencies through practical improvement plans rather than treating compliance as a paperwork exercise. Finally, educational institutions must recognize that faculty members are partners in academic development, not simply resources to be stretched indefinitely. Their professional dignity, intellectual freedom, and well-being are essential to creating a productive academic environment. A motivated teacher with adequate institutional support can transform students’ lives; an overburdened teacher working within an understaffed institution may struggle to fulfil even basic academic responsibilities. India’s demographic advantage will produce meaningful economic and social benefits only when its young population receives education that develops knowledge, competence, creativity, and confidence.
The country cannot aspire to global academic leadership while allowing persistent faculty shortages to weaken its colleges and universities. Every vacant teaching position represents a potential loss of classroom interaction, research guidance, academic innovation, and student development. The message is clear: vacant posts are not merely administrative gaps; they are threats to educational quality and national progress. India must move beyond counting institutions, enrolments, and degrees and begin measuring whether students are receiving the teaching and mentoring they deserve. The success of higher education reforms depends not only on ambitious policies but also on the people responsible for implementing them. If India genuinely wants world-class universities, employable graduates, stronger research, and an innovation-driven economy, it must put faculty recruitment and development at the center of educational planning. The country cannot build a knowledge superpower with understaffed institutions and overburdened teachers. It is time to fill the vacant posts before the quality of higher education suffers further.
(The author is Principal, Guru Gobind Singh College of Management and Technology, Gidderbaha, Punjab. The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”)
uppalmlt@gmail.com

The resumption of work at the Civil Secretariat in Jammu on November 2, following the traditional Darbar Move, marks more than the reopening of government offices in the winter capital. It represents the continuation of a distinctive administrative tradition that has remained closely associated with Jammu and Kashmir’s political, cultural and institutional identity. As Chief Minister Omar Abdullah was accorded a ceremonial Guard of Honour at the Civil Secretariat, the occasion provided an opportunity to reflect on the relevance of the Darbar Move, its historical significance and the responsibilities it places on the Government. For generations, the Darbar Move has symbolised the administrative integration of Jammu and Kashmir’s two principal regions. The practice of shifting the seat of government between Srinagar and Jammu was conceived to ensure that administration remained accessible to people living in geographically and climatically distinct regions. Beyond the ceremonial significance, it sought to establish a sense of regional inclusion and reinforce the idea that governance should not remain confined to one geographical centre. The tradition has witnessed several political and administrative transitions. Governments have changed, constitutional arrangements have evolved and the institutional framework of Jammu and Kashmir has undergone substantial transformation. Yet, the Darbar Move has continued to occupy a distinctive place in the region’s administrative landscape. Its endurance reflects the emotional and historical significance attached to the practice, particularly among sections of society that regard it as an expression of regional balance. However, traditions acquire their true relevance not merely through their continuation but through the purpose they serve. In contemporary circumstances, the Darbar Move must be evaluated against the larger objectives of efficient governance, administrative responsiveness and public service delivery. The movement of government offices should translate into tangible benefits for citizens rather than remain confined to ceremonial functions and the physical relocation of official establishments. The presence of the Chief Minister, Deputy Chief Minister Surinder Kumar Choudhary, Cabinet Ministers, Acting Chief Secretary Shailendra Kumar and senior civil and police officers at the Jammu Secretariat underscored the institutional importance of the occasion. The ceremonial parade and Guard of Honour provided a formal beginning to the winter Secretariat’s functioning. More importantly, the Chief Minister’s decision to proceed directly to his office and attend to official business conveyed the expectation that the transition must be followed by substantive administrative engagement. Jammu’s status as the winter capital carries responsibilities that extend beyond hosting government offices for a designated period. The city must emerge as an effective centre of governance, where citizens can approach departments, seek redressal of grievances and obtain decisions without unnecessary delays. The presence of senior functionaries should facilitate closer monitoring of developmental projects, public infrastructure, healthcare, education, urban services and other issues affecting the people of the Jammu region. Equally, the Darbar Move should strengthen the institutional relationship between the two regions. Jammu and Kashmir have distinct geographical, economic and developmental concerns, but their aspirations are interconnected.

“The commencement of the winter Secretariat in Jammu gives the Omar Abdullah-led government an opportunity to prove that the traditional Darbar Move can deliver inclusive and responsive governance. Beyond ceremonial symbolism, citizens expect accessible officials, prompt decision-making, and improved public services. Ultimately, the true value of the Darbar Move depends on its ability to enhance equitable, accountable governance and bridge administrative divides across both regions of Jammu and Kashmir.”

The Government must ensure that neither region feels administratively distant or politically overlooked. Regional equity cannot be achieved through the shifting of offices alone; it requires fair allocation of resources, balanced development, transparent decision-making and equal opportunities. The changing nature of governance also calls for a re-examination of how the Darbar Move can be made more efficient. Digital administration, virtual meetings, online grievance redressal and electronic file movement have significantly reduced the dependence of government functioning on physical locations. These technological advancements should complement the traditional arrangement, ensuring continuity of services and reducing administrative expenditure and inconvenience. The objective should be to preserve the spirit of the Darbar Move while adapting its functioning to contemporary requirements. There is also a need to ensure that the transition does not disrupt routine public services. Departments must maintain accountability, dispose of pending files, address public grievances and ensure that administrative decisions are not delayed because of the relocation. Government employees, particularly those required to move between the two capitals, must also be provided with adequate logistical support and working facilities. For the Omar Abdullah-led government, the commencement of the winter Secretariat presents an opportunity to demonstrate that the Darbar Move remains relevant as an instrument of inclusive governance. Public expectations from the administration are considerably higher than the symbolism of a ceremonial Guard of Honour. Citizens expect accessible ministers, responsive departments, time-bound decisions and visible progress on issues affecting their everyday lives. Ultimately, the success of the Darbar Move should not be measured by the number of offices shifted, the grandeur of ceremonies or the duration of the Secretariat’s stay in Jammu or Srinagar. Its real significance lies in whether it brings the government closer to the people, strengthens regional confidence and improves the delivery of public services. The Darbar Move is part of Jammu and Kashmir’s administrative heritage. Preserving that heritage is important, but making it meaningful through efficient, equitable and accountable governance is even more important. The ceremonial beginning in Jammu must, therefore, translate into a renewed commitment to serve every region and every citizen with fairness and responsibility.

“Islam harmonizes love with responsibility, mercy with justice, and spirituality with discipline to reform the heart and establish moral conduct. Rather than relying on intimidation, it guides humanity toward inner tranquillity, righteousness, and spiritual growth through loving submission and divine mercy.”

Allah is independent of creation. Worship cultivates gratitude, discipline, humility and consciousness of the Creator. Ritual becomes spiritually meaningful when animated by sincerity. Islamic obligations must also be understood through divine mercy and human capacity. The Qur’an declares, “Allah intends ease for you and does not intend hardship for you” (2:185), and that Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity (2:286). The Prophet ﷺ instructed believers to make matters easy, not difficult, and to give glad tidings rather than drive people away (Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim). Religious discipline is therefore not intended to crush human beings but to guide them towards moral and spiritual development.
The Islamic teaching concerning family relationships further demonstrates the harmony between obligation and compassion. The Prophet ﷺ taught that the true maintainer of kinship is not merely someone who reciprocates kindness, but one who maintains relationships even when relatives sever them (Sahih al-Bukhari). However, Islamic jurisprudence recognises that maintaining family ties does not require a person to endure serious harm. When personal visits become damaging, communication and other appropriate means may preserve the relationship. Islam encourages patience without legitimising abuse and forgiveness without denying human dignity.
The Qur’an commands believers to repel evil with what is better (41:34). The Prophet ﷺ also declared that Allah does not show mercy to those who do not show mercy to others (Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim). These teachings demonstrate that worship must transform character. Prayer cannot compensate for persistent cruelty, exploitation or injustice. Religious commitment must manifest itself in ethical conduct. Islamic mercy extends beyond Muslims and beyond humanity. The Prophet (SAW) taught kindness towards neighbours, children, elderly people and animals. He narrated the forgiveness of a person who gave water to a thirsty dog and condemned a woman who imprisoned a cat without feeding it. These narrations demonstrate that compassion is a practical religious obligation, not merely an abstract sentiment.
The distinction between divine accountability and human intimidation is equally important. Islam does not authorise religious authorities to manipulate people through threats. The Qur’an declares, “There is no compulsion in religion” (2:256), and instructs believers to invite others through wisdom and beautiful counsel (16:125). Religious guidance must therefore be communicated with knowledge, patience and respect. The most direct answer to the claim that love makes obedience unnecessary appears in the Qur’an: “Say: If you love Allah, then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive your sins” (3:31). Love is not merely an emotional declaration; it finds expression in following divine guidance. Obedience, properly understood, becomes an expression of love rather than its opposite.
Ultimately, Islam does not ask humanity to choose between love and responsibility, mercy and justice, or spirituality and discipline. It seeks to transform fear into moral consciousness, worship into spiritual growth and compassion into a way of life. Its objective is not merely to regulate outward gestures but to reform the heart, purify conduct and establish justice. The Qur’an expresses this spiritual destination beautifully: “Surely, in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find tranquility” (13:28). Islam is therefore not a religion of intimidation, but a comprehensive path of loving submission, divine mercy, moral responsibility and spiritual tranquility.
(The author a veteran academician is a former Professor and Head Department of Islamic Studies, Kashmir University. The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”)
hamidnaseem@gmail.com

Mohammad Irfan

The Eight years after Jammu and Kashmir was reorganised as a Union Territory, the region is witnessing a significant phase of institutional, economic and social transition, with the administration placing peace, development, democratic participation and inclusive governance at the centre of its future roadmap. The eighth Jammu and Kashmir Union Territory Foundation Day, coinciding with the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, provided an occasion to reflect on the political and administrative changes since 2019, assess the progress achieved across different sectors and renew the commitment towards building a peaceful, prosperous and self-reliant Jammu and Kashmir. Addressing the Foundation Day gathering in Srinagar on Saturday, Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha described the developments since the abrogation of Article 370 as a defining phase in the region’s history, asserting that the transformation has opened new avenues for equality, democratic participation and development. His address sought to place the journey of Jammu and Kashmir within the larger framework of national integration, institutional accountability and the aspirations of its people, while outlining a vision in which economic opportunities, social harmony and peace become the defining features of the region’s future. “Today is not merely a date; it is a milestone that changed the direction of history and strengthened the spirit of national integration, equality and inclusive development,” the Lieutenant Governor said.The Foundation Day, he observed, was particularly significant as it coincided with the birth anniversary of Sardar Patel, whose contribution to the integration of princely states continues to symbolise national unity and institutional strength. The occasion also brought into focus the contribution of different sections of society, including farmers, teachers, scholars, writers, artists, artisans, traders, workers, security personnel, women and youth, whose collective efforts remain central to Jammu and Kashmir’s development journey.

A Changing Development Narrative: One of the principal themes emerging from the Lieutenant Governor’s address was the transition from a security-dominated narrative towards a broader development-oriented vision. For decades, Jammu and Kashmir’s developmental potential was affected by political uncertainty, militancy, separatist violence and disruptions to normal economic activity. The consequences were visible across sectors, particularly tourism, education, trade, investment and employment. The Government’s current emphasis, as articulated by Sinha, is to create conditions in which development can become a continuous process rather than remain vulnerable to periodic disruptions. “Article 370 abrogation gave ordinary citizens freedom from fear and access to rights denied for decades. Jammu Kashmir has emerged as a model of peace, development and good governance,” he said. The Lieutenant Governor argued that the changes introduced after 2019 have expanded the scope of governance and brought greater emphasis on equal access to rights, public services and opportunities. The significance of this transition, however, extends beyond administrative restructuring. Its long-term success will depend on how effectively the institutional changes translate into tangible improvements in people’s everyday lives, particularly in terms of employment, education, healthcare, infrastructure and economic security. The emphasis on inclusive development is therefore particularly relevant for a region where geographical diversity, rural dependence and uneven access to opportunities require a governance model responsive to local needs.

Security Gains And The Foundations Of Normalcy: Security remained a central component of the Lieutenant Governor’s address, with Sinha highlighting what he described as a major transformation in the security environment of Jammu and Kashmir. He maintained that sustained action against terrorism, separatist networks and organised violence had helped restore normal life and created a more favourable environment for economic and social activity. “We did not buy peace, we established peace. Zero-tolerance policy crippled terror networks and restored normal life across Jammu Kashmir,” he said. Referring to the security situation, Sinha stated that more than 780 terrorists had been eliminated since 2020, while local recruitment into militant organisations had ended and stone-pelting incidents had been brought to an end. The Lieutenant Governor described these developments as a historic security transformation, asserting that terrorism and separatist violence could no longer dictate the region’s social and political environment. The significance of improved security, as highlighted in the address, lies in its relationship with other aspects of development. A stable environment is essential for educational institutions to function without disruption, businesses to operate confidently, tourists to travel, investors to assess opportunities and young people to pursue their aspirations. Peace, therefore, is not merely a law-and-order objective but a prerequisite for sustained economic growth and social stability. At the same time, the long-term consolidation of peace requires continued institutional engagement, public confidence, effective policing, justice delivery and opportunities for young people. Lt Governor Sinha also drew attention to the administration’s action against narco-terrorism, describing drug trafficking as a serious challenge to the region’s social fabric and security environment.

Democracy And Grassroots Participation: Another important aspect of the Foundation Day address was the emphasis on strengthening democratic institutions and encouraging public participation in governance. LG Sinha said that the implementation of grassroots democratic institutions and the conduct of Assembly elections had strengthened public participation and accountability.

The restoration of elected political processes and the functioning of democratic institutions remain important elements of Jammu and Kashmir’s evolving governance framework. The region’s political journey has undergone substantial changes since 2019, and the conduct of Assembly elections marked an important development in the restoration of an elected government. The challenge ahead is to ensure that democratic participation becomes increasingly meaningful at every level, from local governance institutions to the Assembly, enabling citizens to influence decisions affecting their communities. Effective governance cannot be measured exclusively through administrative efficiency or infrastructure creation. It also depends on the responsiveness of institutions, transparency in decision-making, accountability of public representatives and the ability of citizens to seek redressal. Lt Governor Sinha underlined this aspect by observing that unity must be sustained through justice and public trust.”Public trust must be won not merely by promises, but by deeds. Justice and accountability are the strongest foundations of unity,” he said.

Development Must Reach Every Household: The Lieutenant Governor also emphasised that the real measure of transformation would be determined by the extent to which development reaches people who have historically remained outside the mainstream of economic opportunities. The focus on inclusive growth reflects the need to bridge the development gap between urban centres and remote rural areas, improve public infrastructure and strengthen access to essential services. Jammu and Kashmir’s geographical conditions present both opportunities and challenges. While the Valley’s tourism potential, Jammu’s expanding economic activity and the region’s agricultural resources offer considerable possibilities, remote and mountainous districts require sustained investment in connectivity, healthcare, education and livelihood generation. The Government’s development priorities, as outlined by Sinha, include employment generation, youth empowerment, strengthening agriculture and allied sectors, improving healthcare and education, environmental sustainability, tourism development, women’s empowerment and transparent governance. These priorities reflect the need to move towards a diversified economy capable of generating sustainable employment rather than depending on a limited number of traditional sectors. The agricultural economy, in particular, remains central to the livelihood of a substantial section of the population. Horticulture, particularly apple cultivation, saffron, walnuts and other high-value crops, provides considerable economic potential.

“Tourism also has a multiplier effect on the wider economy, benefiting transport operators, hotel owners, houseboat operators, artisans, handicraft manufacturers, traders, guides and small businesses…..…..”

Tourism And The Economic Potential Of Peace: Tourism remains among the most promising sectors in Jammu and Kashmir’s economy. The region’s natural beauty, cultural heritage, religious destinations, adventure tourism opportunities and traditional hospitality provide a strong foundation for attracting visitors from across the country and abroad. A peaceful and stable environment is essential for sustaining this potential. Improved connectivity, better accommodation facilities, tourist infrastructure and diversified tourism products can help expand the sector beyond established destinations. The development of lesser-known tourist locations, promotion of winter tourism, adventure activities and eco-tourism can generate new livelihood opportunities for local communities. Tourism also has a multiplier effect on the wider economy, benefiting transport operators, hotel owners, houseboat operators, artisans, handicraft manufacturers, traders, guides and small businesses. The Lieutenant Governor’s emphasis on peace and economic growth reflects the relationship between security and the region’s economic potential. For tourism to become a sustainable source of prosperity, however, development must be balanced with environmental protection. Jammu and Kashmir’s fragile mountain ecology, water resources, forests and biodiversity require responsible planning and strict adherence to environmental safeguards. Sustainable tourism must therefore remain an important component of the region’s long-term economic strategy.

Healthcare, Education And Social Development: The Foundation Day address also highlighted healthcare and education as essential pillars of a prosperous society. Access to quality healthcare is particularly important in a geographically diverse region where residents of remote areas often face challenges in accessing specialised medical facilities. Strengthening primary healthcare, improving district-level hospitals, expanding specialist services and promoting telemedicine can help reduce these disparities. The emphasis on healthcare also needs to be accompanied by greater attention to preventive medicine, public health awareness, maternal and child healthcare, mental health services and affordable treatment. Similarly, improving the quality of education requires continuous investment in school infrastructure, teacher training, digital learning, research facilities and professional education. The objective must be to ensure that students from rural, economically weaker and geographically remote backgrounds have access to the same quality of educational opportunities as those living in major urban centres. LG Sinha stressed that no citizen should be left behind in the development process, underlining the importance of ensuring that the benefits of public welfare and institutional reforms reach every household.

A Vision Extending Towards 2047: Looking ahead, the Lieutenant Governor placed the development agenda within the larger national vision of 2047, when India will mark 100 years of Independence. He expressed his aspiration for Jammu and Kashmir to emerge as a model of prosperity, supported by a modern economy, world-class healthcare, excellent educational institutions and a vibrant cultural heritage. “My dream is that by 2047, Jammu Kashmir should emerge as a model of prosperity with a modern economy, world-class healthcare, excellent education and a vibrant cultural heritage,” he said. The vision requires a long-term approach to economic planning, institutional strengthening and human development. Infrastructure projects, improved road and rail connectivity, digital services, industrial investment and modern urban facilities can provide the physical foundation for growth. However, the sustainability of this progress will ultimately depend on the quality of institutions, the strength of local enterprises and the participation of citizens. The challenge will be to ensure that economic growth generates broad-based prosperity, that public investment produces measurable social outcomes and that the region’s natural and cultural resources are protected for future generations. The Foundation Day address also placed responsibility on citizens and institutions to contribute to this transformation rather than view development as the exclusive responsibility of the Government. “Let us build a Jammu Kashmir where there is trust instead of fear, opportunity instead of scarcity, justice instead of injustice, and where every young person and every woman finds wings for their dreams,” Sinha said.

Kashmir Horizon View: The eighth UT Foundation Day was not confined to official celebrations. It also provided an opportunity to renew the collective commitment towards peace, democratic values, economic progress and social harmony. Earlier, the Lieutenant Governor administered the Unity Pledge and flagged off the Run for Unity to mark Rashtriya Ekta Diwas. A documentary film prepared by the Information Department on Jammu and Kashmir’s transformational journey was also screened. The event was attended by Chairperson J&K Waqf Board Dr Syed Darakhshan Andrabi, Chief Secretary Atal Dulloo, Director General of Police Nalin Prabhat, Additional Chief Secretary Home Department Chandraker Bharti, Principal Secretary to the Lieutenant Governor Govind Jaiswal, IGP Kashmir Sujit Singh, Divisional Commissioner Kashmir Anshul Garg, senior civil and police officers, security personnel, representatives of educational institutions, civil society members and youth. As Jammu and Kashmir enters another year of its Union Territory journey, the larger task is to convert the gains of stability and institutional change into durable improvements in people’s lives. The path ahead will require sustained attention to employment, economic diversification, public accountability, environmental conservation, social inclusion and democratic participation. The Lieutenant Governor’s message on the occasion placed peace and development as interconnected objectives, emphasising that a secure environment must ultimately create opportunities for every section of society. The real measure of Jammu and Kashmir’s transformation will be the confidence of its people, the strength of its institutions, the prosperity of its households and the opportunities available to its younger generation. Eight years into its new administrative chapter, the region’s future will increasingly be shaped by its ability to translate aspirations into outcomes and ensure that progress is both inclusive and sustainable. As Sinha summed up in his address, the future of Jammu and Kashmir must be shaped by peace rather than fear, equal opportunities rather than discrimination, and continuous progress rather than stagnation. The larger aspiration is clear: a Jammu and Kashmir where peace becomes permanent, development reaches every doorstep, institutions command public trust and every citizen has a meaningful stake in shaping the region’s future.

(“Team Kashmir Horizon” is committed to continuous improvement and invites feedback and suggestions from readers and its followers on social media sites. Reader insights are considered vital for enhancing content quality and empowering the community. The team encourages open communication and values the thoughts and ideas of its audience, believing that such input will enable them to serve the public more effectively. The initiative aims to ensure that readers have the best possible experience with “Kashmir Horizon”. Interested individuals can reach out to us via email at editor@thekashmirhorizon.com.)

Mohammad Irfan

The National unity, technological self-reliance and rural prosperity emerged as the central themes of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s engagements on the occasion of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, as he paid tribute to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, congratulated India’s space scientists on a successful navigation satellite launch and highlighted development projects worth more than Rs 14,000 crore in Gujarat. The three developments, though distinct in their immediate objectives, reflect interconnected dimensions of the government’s broader vision of a developed India: strengthening national integration, building indigenous technological capabilities and creating a stronger economic foundation through agriculture, infrastructure and rural enterprise. From remembering Patel’s contribution to the integration of princely states to celebrating advances in satellite navigation and outlining measures to improve farmers’ incomes, the Prime Minister’s message placed India’s development journey within a framework of institutional strength, economic resilience and technological advancement. The birth anniversary of Sardar Patel, observed nationally as Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, provided the occasion to underline the continuing relevance of unity in a country characterised by immense geographical, linguistic, cultural and social diversity. Paying homage to Patel, Modi described him as the Iron Man of India and the architect of a united India, recalling his lifelong commitment to building a strong, prosperous and capable nation. In a message posted on X, the Prime Minister said Patel’s sacrifice and dedication to the service of the country remained an inspiration for India’s efforts to achieve the goals of Viksit Bharat and Atmanirbhar Bharat. The tribute carried significance beyond a ceremonial remembrance. Patel’s contribution to national integration remains an important chapter in India’s political history, particularly his role in bringing hundreds of princely states into the Union following Independence. His legacy continues to be invoked in discussions surrounding national cohesion, administrative consolidation and the responsibility of institutions in preserving the unity and integrity of the country.

Unity As The Foundation Of National Development: The emphasis on national unity in the Prime Minister’s message comes at a time when India’s development ambitions increasingly depend on its ability to combine economic growth with institutional stability and social cohesion. The vision of a developed India by 2047 requires coordinated efforts across states, regions and economic sectors. Infrastructure expansion, industrial development, technological innovation and social welfare programmes must operate within a larger framework of national priorities. In this context, Patel’s legacy offers a historical reference point for understanding the importance of a cohesive national framework. Prime Minister Modi’s appeal to citizens, particularly young people, to participate in the Run for Unity was aimed at reinforcing this message through public participation. The Prime Minister also referred to the Unity Festival at Ekta Nagar in Gujarat, where celebrations were scheduled to include parades by police and security forces and cultural tableaus. The broader objective of such observances is to encourage citizens to view national unity not merely as a constitutional or political principle but as a shared responsibility reflected in everyday social and civic life.

ISRO Mission And The Expanding Horizon Of Technological Self-Reliance:  A major highlight of the day was the successful launch of GSLV-F18 carrying the NVS-03 navigation satellite, an achievement that drew congratulations from the Prime Minister for India’s scientists and engineers at ISRO. Prime Minister Modi described the mission as an important step towards strengthening NavIC, India’s indigenous satellite navigation system, saying that the satellite’s enhanced capabilities would advance the country’s pursuit of self-reliance in critical technologies. The launch represents another milestone in India’s efforts to develop and strengthen indigenous space-based infrastructure. Satellite navigation has become an essential component of modern economic and technological systems. Its applications extend across transportation, aviation, maritime operations, agriculture, disaster management, telecommunications and emergency response. For a country with India’s geographical scale and expanding digital economy, reliable navigation infrastructure has strategic as well as civilian significance. NavIC, India’s regional satellite navigation system, is designed to provide positioning, navigation and timing services over India and the surrounding region.Strengthening the system through successive satellite launches is important for improving service continuity, technological capabilities and the country’s ability to rely on indigenous infrastructure. The significance of NVS-03 therefore extends beyond the successful deployment of another satellite. It forms part of a larger effort to develop domestic capabilities in advanced electronics, satellite engineering, launch systems and space-based applications. Technological self-reliance has become increasingly important as countries seek to strengthen control over critical infrastructure and reduce vulnerabilities arising from excessive dependence on external systems.India’s expanding space programme has demonstrated the potential of domestic scientific institutions to undertake complex missions and develop technologies with applications across multiple sectors.

Banaskantha Development Package| Rural Economy At The Centre: While the space mission highlighted India’s technological ambitions, the Prime Minister’s programme in Banaskantha brought attention to another important dimension of the development agenda: strengthening the rural economy through agriculture, animal husbandry, dairy, infrastructure and improved market connectivity. Prime Minister Modi laid the foundation stone, inaugurated and dedicated development projects worth more than Rs 14,000 crore to the nation in the Gujarat district, covering several sectors with direct implications for farmers, livestock rearers, women, children and rural entrepreneurs. Describing farmers as among the strongest pillars of Viksit Bharat, the Prime Minister said the government had consistently prioritised their welfare and empowerment. The development package reflects the importance of agriculture and allied activities in India’s economic structure, particularly in regions where a substantial proportion of households depend on farming and livestock-based livelihoods. The rural economy is no longer being viewed exclusively through the traditional lens of agricultural production. Its future increasingly depends on value addition, scientific intervention, processing infrastructure, cooperative institutions, improved logistics and access to wider markets. Banaskantha offers an interesting example of this changing rural economic landscape. The district’s agricultural and dairy activities have demonstrated how irrigation, cooperative participation, food processing and technological interventions can contribute to expanding economic opportunities.

Direct Financial Support And Protection Against Economic Uncertainty: A substantial part of the Prime Minister’s address focused on financial assistance and policy interventions intended to reduce the economic burden on farmers. Referring to the PM Kisan Samman Nidhi, Prime Minister Modi said more than Rs 18,000 crore had been transferred to the bank accounts of approximately 10 crore farmers through the latest instalment. He said the scheme had become an important source of financial assistance for small cultivators, who constitute a significant proportion of India’s agricultural community. The Prime Minister also highlighted the government’s expenditure on fertiliser subsidies, minimum support price procurement and crop insurance, presenting these measures as part of a broader framework of agricultural support. According to the figures cited by him, nearly Rs 4.5 lakh crore had been transferred directly to farmers under PM-KISAN, while substantial expenditure had been incurred to protect cultivators from fluctuations in international fertiliser prices. He said that wheat and paddy farmers had received more than Rs 24 lakh crore through MSP procurement over the preceding 12 years. The Prime Minister also referred to compensation exceeding Rs 2 lakh crore under crop insurance arrangements and the expansion of solar-powered irrigation facilities through PM-KUSUM. Taken together, these interventions, according to Modi, had delivered or saved more than Rs 50 lakh crore for farmers.

“PM also referred to advanced reproductive technologies, including in-vitro fertilisation, as tools for improving livestock quality and productivity.The objective is to enable livestock rearers to obtain better economic returns through healthier animals, higher milk yields and reduced disease-related losses..….”

Dairy And Animal Husbandry|Expanding The Rural Income Base:

Animal husbandry received considerable attention during the Prime Minister’s address, reflecting its growing importance as a supplementary and, in many rural households, primary source of income. Prime Minister Modi described livestock rearing as a vital pillar of the rural economy and highlighted the importance of scientific breeding, veterinary care and disease prevention in improving productivity. He referred to the Rashtriya Gokul Mission and the newly developed research facility in Banaskantha, which is intended to strengthen indigenous livestock breeds. The facility is expected to support conservation and improvement of breeds such as Gir, Sahiwal and Kankrej cattle, along with Mehsana, Murrah and Jaffarabadi buffaloes. The Prime Minister also referred to advanced reproductive technologies, including in-vitro fertilisation, as tools for improving livestock quality and productivity. The objective is to enable livestock rearers to obtain better economic returns through healthier animals, higher milk yields and reduced disease-related losses. He said approximately 150 crore vaccine doses had been administered under the nationwide livestock vaccination programme, benefiting more than eight crore farmers through free vaccination of their animals. Prime Minister Modi also highlighted the increase in average daily milk yield per cow or buffalo, which he said had risen from less than five litres in 2013-14 to nearly eight litres. Fisheries, honey production and diversification of rural livelihoods. The Prime Minister also highlighted fisheries and beekeeping as emerging sources of supplementary income for rural households. He said India’s seafood exports had more than doubled, reflecting the expansion of the fisheries sector and the growing role of cooperatives. The fisheries sector has considerable potential to generate employment across production, processing, cold-chain logistics and exports. Its expansion can also help diversify rural incomes and reduce dependence on conventional agricultural activities. Similarly, beekeeping has emerged as an important supplementary occupation, particularly for small farmers and women associated with self-help groups. Prime Minister Modi said honey production had doubled over the past 12 years and described the contribution of women’s self-help groups to the sector as significant. He also noted that India had become the world’s second-largest exporter of natural honey.

Women And Children In The Development Framework: The Prime Minister’s development programme also included initiatives directed towards women and children. More than 4,000 modernAnganwadis were inaugurated across Gujarat, which, according to Modi, would benefit approximately four lakh children and pregnant women. Anganwadi centres occupy an important position in India’s public welfare framework, particularly in the areas of early childhood care, nutrition, maternal health and community-level support. Modernising these facilities can improve the quality of services available to children and women, particularly in rural and economically weaker communities.

Infra, Connectivity As Engines Of Economic Growth: Infrastructure development formed another important component of the Banaskantha programme. The Prime Minister highlighted the launch of two railway services, the Ahmedabad-Varanasi Sabarmati Express and the Mehsana-Becharaji-Sabarmati MEMU train. He also referred to the expansion of Ahmedabad Metro, including projects connecting GIFT City and the airport, and the proposed expansion of the Ahmedabad-Mehsana highway from four lanes to eight lanes. These projects underline the relationship between connectivity and economic development. Reliable transport infrastructure reduces travel time, improves access to markets, facilitates the movement of goods and strengthens connections between commercial centres.

PM Modi Reflects On 25 Years Of Public Service: During his address, the Prime Minister also reflected on completing 25 years of service as the head of a government, recalling that he first took oath on October 7, 2001, as Chief Minister of Gujarat. He expressed gratitude to the people of Gujarat for their continued support and guidance throughout his public life. Recalling his initial years in government, Modi said he had entered public administration without prior experience of government offices and official files but had learned through the support and guidance of the people. He credited the citizens of Gujarat for shaping his public service journey and said his commitment to serving the country would continue until the last moment of his life. “Until the final moment of my life, I will remain devoted only to your service,” he said. The reference to his 25-year journey placed the Gujarat development experience within a broader narrative of public service, administrative responsibility and the evolution of his political career. He also recalled the water and electricity shortages that affected parts of Gujarat in the past, urging citizens to continue conserving both resources. The emphasis on water management carries particular relevance for agricultural regions such as Banaskantha, where irrigation and groundwater availability are critical to agricultural productivity. The Prime Minister referred to the role of Narmada waters and drip irrigation in changing agricultural conditions in North Gujarat. He also highlighted the expansion of food-processing facilities, including increased capacity at the potato processing plant, which he said would benefit potato growers in the region.

Economic Resilience Amid Global Uncertainty: The Prime Minister also referred to the impact of international uncertainty on agricultural inputs, particularly fertilisers and raw materials. He said the government had taken measures to protect Indian farmers from the impact of rising international prices and ensure the availability of essential agricultural inputs. Citing the example of urea and DAP, Modi said the government was providing fertilisers to Indian farmers at prices substantially lower than those prevailing in international markets. He maintained that the objective was to prevent global price fluctuations from placing an excessive financial burden on domestic cultivators.

The Bigger Vision | Linking Unity With Self-Reliance: Taken together, the Prime Minister’s engagements on October 31 presented a development narrative connecting historical national integration with contemporary priorities of economic growth, scientific innovation and rural transformation. The tribute to Sardar Patel highlighted the importance of national unity as a foundation of India’s political and institutional framework. The successful GSLV-F18 mission carrying NVS-03 reflected the growing role of indigenous technology in strengthening strategic and civilian capabilities. Meanwhile, the Banaskantha development package brought attention to the importance of agriculture, dairy, food processing, connectivity and rural entrepreneurship in expanding economic opportunities. These sectors are interconnected rather than independent policy areas. Technological progress can improve agricultural productivity; better infrastructure can connect producers with markets; financial support can reduce economic vulnerability; and stronger rural enterprises can generate employment beyond traditional farming.

Kashmir Horizon View: As India observes Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, the broader significance of the occasion lies in connecting the country’s historical experience with its contemporary development ambitions. Sardar Patel’s contribution to national integration remains an enduring part of India’s history, while the country’s present aspirations require institutions, scientific establishments, economic sectors and citizens to work towards shared national objectives. The Prime Minister’s address in Gujarat placed farmers, livestock rearers, scientists, women, children and infrastructure development within this larger framework. The focus on rural prosperity suggests an approach in which agricultural growth is supported by modern technology, diversified livelihoods, processing facilities and better connectivity. The emphasis on NavIC and the ISRO mission, meanwhile, reflects the increasing importance of scientific capabilities in shaping India’s economic and strategic future. Ultimately, the success of the development agenda will be determined by its outcomes: higher and more stable farm incomes, improved rural employment, better public services, stronger technological capabilities and wider access to economic opportunities. The message emerging from the Prime Minister’s engagements was that the journey towards a developed India must draw strength from national unity while advancing through scientific innovation, economic self-reliance and inclusive development.

(“Team Kashmir Horizon” is committed to continuous improvement and invites feedback and suggestions from readers and its followers on social media sites. Reader insights are considered vital for enhancing content quality and empowering the community. The team encourages open communication and values the thoughts and ideas of its audience, believing that such input will enable them to serve the public more effectively. The initiative aims to ensure that readers have the best possible experience with “Kashmir Horizon”. Interested individuals can reach out to us via email at editor@thekashmirhorizon.com.)

The expansion of the Council of Ministers in Jammu and Kashmir, which was expected to bring administrative momentum and political balance to the Omar Abdullah-led government, has instead triggered an unexpected political storm within the ruling National Conference. What should have been an occasion of organisational consolidation has exposed simmering differences, competing aspirations and questions about the manner in which important political decisions are being taken. The induction of four new ministers on October 27 has clearly not settled well with a section of party legislators. Reports of closed-door meetings involving several MLAs, expressions of disappointment from senior leaders and speculation about further changes in the Cabinet have added to the uncertainty. Some legislators reportedly feel that their seniority, political experience and contribution to the party have not received adequate consideration. Others appear concerned about the process through which ministerial appointments were decided. The issue, therefore, goes beyond who secured a ministerial berth and who was left out. At its heart lies a more fundamental question: how much space do elected representatives have in shaping decisions within a political party that came to power on the promise of representing people’s aspirations? Reports of around 18 legislators meeting in Srinagar to discuss the Cabinet expansion have attracted considerable political attention. While some participants have played down the significance of the gathering, describing it as an informal interaction, other accounts suggest that dissatisfaction over the reshuffle and broader organisational issues figured prominently. The reported differences should not automatically be interpreted as a rebellion or a threat to the government’s survival. Nevertheless, they cannot be dismissed as ordinary political murmurs either. What is particularly concerning is the perception among some legislators that adequate consultation did not precede a decision of such political significance. Cabinet formation is undoubtedly the prerogative of the Chief Minister, exercised within the constitutional framework and subject to the prescribed limits. Yet, political leadership is not sustained by constitutional authority alone. It also depends on consultation, collective confidence and the ability to accommodate differing opinions within the organisation. A party’s legislators are not merely numbers in the Assembly. They represent constituencies, carry public expectations and remain directly accountable to voters. Their concerns deserve to be heard, even when their demands cannot necessarily be accommodated. Exclusion from the Cabinet may be a political disappointment, but exclusion from meaningful consultation can create a deeper sense of alienation. The National Conference leadership must recognise that internal disagreements are not unusual in democratic organisations. What matters is how such disagreements are managed. A healthy political party provides institutional channels for discussion, encourages constructive criticism and ensures that important decisions are not perceived as the outcome of a narrow circle of consultations. The present developments also expose the dangers of allowing rumours to dominate political discourse. Speculation about another Cabinet reshuffle, the possible removal of ministers, changes in the Chief Minister’s advisory structure and competing claims about regional representation has created an atmosphere of uncertainty. Much of this remains based on media reports and statements attributed to unnamed sources. Until the party leadership or the legislators concerned formally clarify their positions, such claims must be treated with caution. At the same time, the leadership cannot expect speculation to disappear merely by maintaining silence. A clear political communication strategy and direct engagement with dissatisfied legislators would help prevent misunderstandings from widening. The party president, Farooq Abdullah, and Chief Minister Omar Abdullah have an important role in facilitating such dialogue and restoring confidence. There is also a larger governance dimension to this controversy. Jammu and Kashmir is passing through an important political and administrative phase. Restoration of statehood, implementation of electoral commitments, employment generation, economic development and strengthening of democratic institutions remain among the major expectations of the people. Political energy consumed by internal disagreements risks diverting attention from these pressing responsibilities.

“The National Conference must address its internal political friction by establishing transparent consultation mechanisms and engaging in open dialogue with its legislators. Strong democratic leadership requires accommodating dissent and balancing competing aspirations rather than constantly reshuffling cabinets. Ultimately, the ruling party needs to resolve its internal divisions quickly so it can move past speculation and refocus on governing Jammu and Kashmir.”

The Government must also ensure that the Cabinet functions as a collective institution. Ministers should be assessed on their performance, administrative accessibility and delivery of public commitments rather than merely on political proximity or individual equations. Similarly, legislators should have a meaningful mechanism to communicate constituency-level concerns to the government without having to resort to public expressions of dissatisfaction. The present situation should therefore be viewed as an opportunity for introspection rather than confrontation. The ruling party needs to revisit its internal consultation mechanisms, establish greater transparency in organisational decision-making and ensure that regional and political considerations are addressed through a credible process. The Chief Minister, too, must recognise that leadership involves balancing competing aspirations, taking difficult decisions and, equally importantly, listening to those who disagree. A government may survive a Cabinet reshuffle, but a political organisation cannot afford to repeatedly weaken the confidence of its own elected representatives. Ultimately, the strength of a democratic party is not demonstrated by the absence of dissent but by its capacity to accommodate dissent without allowing it to become destructive. The National Conference has a political responsibility not only to manage its internal differences but also to remain focused on the mandate entrusted to it by the people. Jammu and Kashmir needs a government preoccupied with governance, not one constantly distracted by speculation about its own internal equations. The current political storm must serve as a reminder that consultation is not a concession to legislators; it is an essential ingredient of democratic leadership. The sooner the party addresses the concerns through open dialogue and institutional mechanisms, the sooner it can return its attention to the larger responsibilities of governance.

Some of the most important foundations of a healthy compassionate society are care and support. Millions of people around the world give their time, energy and efforts every day to care for children, elderly people, persons with disabilities and those suffering from illnesses.Their work is often invisible, but their contribution is vital to the well being of families and communities. The International Day for Care and Support spotlights the importance of caregiving and the need to recognize those who give care, either professionally or within their own families. Care is not limited to hospitals or health care institutions. It starts at home, with parents raising children, family members caring for elderly parents, and people helping loved ones through tough times. Nurses, doctors, social workers, teachers and other care professionals have a big part to play in making people’s lives better. Their commitment is a manifestation of kindness, responsibility and humanity.

Care and support are essential throughout life. Children need to be guided and protected as they grow toward responsible adulthood. Older people often need assistance with daily activities, healthcare and mental health. People with disabilities may need accessible facilities and additional assistance to allow their full participation in society. Likewise, those going through sickness or tough times need understanding, encouragement and practical help.A compassionate society does not leave anyone out. It gives people the chance to live with dignity, independence and respect. Millions of people can see their quality of life improve with access to health care, community services, rehabilitation, education and social protection. Caring for others also builds relationships and a sense of belonging. A small act like listening to someone, helping an elderly neighbour or supporting a friend through a difficult time can make a lasting impression. These small gestures of care are not just a professional duty, they are a shared human value.

Caregivers are often described as the unsung heroes of society because their efforts are not always properly recognised. Family caregivers may spend long hours looking after loved ones while managing household responsibilities and employment. Professional caregivers frequently work under demanding conditions, sometimes dealing with physical exhaustion and emotional stress. Despite their importance, many caregivers face challenges such as low wages, limited resources, insufficient training and a lack of social protection. Unpaid caregivers may also struggle to balance their responsibilities with their education, careers and personal lives. These difficulties highlight the need for greater public awareness and stronger support systems.

Acknowledging caregivers entails more than just expressing gratitude. It necessitates providing equitable working conditions, fair pay, healthcare access, training opportunities, and emotional support.  In order to make care giving more sustainable and respectful, families, communities, companies, and governments all have a part to play. Women and girls are disproportionately responsible for providing care in many communities. Women often take care of children, assist older family members, and undertake unpaid home chores, often at the price of their education, careers, and personal growth.  A more equitable allocation of caregiving duties among all family members is necessary to advance equality. Boys and men should be encouraged to contribute equally to family care and household chores.  Employers can help by offering flexible work schedules, parental leave, and family friendly policies. Instead than being viewed as a duty exclusive to one gender, care giving should be recognized as a significant contribution to society.

 “Community involvement builds empathy and shared responsibility. By valuing, sharing, and strengthening care across society, we build a more compassionate and inclusive world.”

Increased equity in care giving can boost economic growth, enhance families, and provide women greater possibilities. It is crucial for governments to provide policies that enable affordable and accessible high quality healthcare. Vulnerable people’s lives can be improved by investments in healthcare facilities, childcare services, elder care, disability support, and community based programs.It is equally crucial to safeguard and train professional caregivers. They ought to have access to decent working conditions, equitable pay, the tools they need, and chances to further their careers. Families that give unpaid care can benefit from stronger social safety systems, which can also lessen the financial burden of caregiving. By planning awareness campaigns, funding neighborhood care services, and promoting volunteerism, communities may have an impact. Students can learn the value of empathy, respect, and responsibility in schools and other educational settings.

Young people can make a difference by doing community work, assisting elderly neighbors, and treating individuals with disabilities with respect. The use of technology in caregiving is growing. While assistive technology can help people with disabilities carry out daily duties, telemedicine enables some patients to consult medical specialists at a distance. Families can get information about available programs and coordinate care with the use of digital tools. But the emotional bond that results from human care cannot be replaced by technology. Supporting people through illness, loneliness, and challenging situations still requires compassion, patience, understanding, and individual attention. Therefore, rather of taking the place of deep human connections, technology should enhance human care giving. Young people play a crucial part in creating a society that is more compassionate.

Meaningful methods to show responsibility include protecting vulnerable people, aiding those in need, encouraging peers who are struggling, and showing respect for parents and grandparents. Additionally, students can raise awareness of the value of equal opportunity, disability inclusion, mental wellness, and healthy aging. Young people can discover that even modest contributions can result in positive impact through volunteering and community involvement. Early empathy development contributes to the creation of a generation that prioritizes compassion over apathy and collaboration over prejudice. When people realize that taking care of others is a shared obligation, a society grows stronger. Everyone should consider the value of responsibility, equality, and kindness on this day and carry these values forward every day. Communities must assist those in need, employers must respect caregivers, governments must improve care services, and individuals must foster a compassionate culture. A better world is created by how people treat one another as well as by advancement and growth. We can make progress toward a more compassionate and inclusive society by acknowledging caregivers, distributing duties equitably, and guaranteeing that everyone has access to quality care. Care is a strength rather than a weakness, and it is more than just a duty.

(The author is a freelancer. The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”)

Dr.Roohi Jan

786roohijaan@gmail.com

In Jammu and Kashmir, the observance assumes significance in the context of the region’s diverse social fabric, geographical variations and cultural traditions. From the mountains of Ladakh to the plains of Jammu and the valleys of Kashmir, the region represents a remarkable mosaic of languages, customs, faiths and lifestyles. Its diversity is not a limitation but an enduring strength that can contribute to a broader vision of national development. Kashmir’s identity has historically been shaped by traditions of hospitality, learning, craftsmanship and cultural exchange. Its shrines, temples, monasteries and historic institutions reflect a heritage that has evolved through interaction among different communities. The region’s distinctive traditions, including its Sufi and Rishi heritage, have long emphasised compassion, tolerance and the importance of human relationships. These values offer a powerful foundation for the message of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas.

Unity does not require people to abandon their individual identities, languages or cultural traditions. Rather, it calls for an environment in which differences are respected and every citizen feels valued, heard and included. Over the years, Jammu and Kashmir has witnessed changing social, economic and institutional aspirations. Young people are increasingly exploring opportunities in education, technology, entrepreneurship, sports and other professional fields. Their ambitions reflect a desire to participate in a wider national and global landscape while remaining connected to their roots.

 “From the ideals of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel to the aspirations of a new generation, October 31 offers an opportunity to reaffirm the values of national integration, mutual respect and collective progress in Jammu and Kashmir.”

Educational institutions, particularly universities and technical institutes, have an important role in strengthening this spirit. By bringing together students from different regions, backgrounds and communities, these institutions create opportunities for interaction, cooperation and mutual understanding. Such exchanges help young people appreciate the country’s diversity and develop a sense of collective responsibility. The growing participation of Kashmiri youth in national sporting competitions, cultural festivals, academic programmes and professional platforms is another encouraging dimension. Their achievements demonstrate that talent knows no geographical boundaries and that opportunity, encouragement and hard work can create pathways for meaningful contributions. National integration, however, cannot be sustained through slogans alone. It must find expression in equal opportunities, quality education, employment, social justice, responsive governance and respect for constitutional values. Development must reach people across regions, including remote and underserved areas, so that every citizen experiences a meaningful stake in the country’s progress.

The occasion also offers an opportunity to recognise the contributions of ordinary citizens, public servants, teachers, security personnel, healthcare workers, entrepreneurs and community organisations who work every day to strengthen society. Their collective efforts, often away from the public spotlight, help sustain institutions, maintain social harmony and create opportunities for future generations. As Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is observed across the country, Kashmir’s participation should be viewed not merely through official ceremonies and unity pledges but through the aspirations of its people and their contribution to a shared future.

Sardar Patel’s legacy reminds the nation that unity is not achieved once and for all; it is strengthened through continuous effort, understanding and collective responsibility. For Kashmir, the message is equally relevant: its diversity, cultural richness and youthful energy can become important assets in building a peaceful, prosperous and inclusive society. Ultimately, the true spirit of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas lies in ensuring that every citizen, irrespective of region, language, religion or background, feels an equal sense of belonging. A united India is strongest when its diversity is not merely acknowledged but celebrated. And Kashmir, with its heritage of coexistence and immense human potential, has an important place in that national journey.

(The author is a freelancer. The views, opinions and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and aren’t necessarily in accord with the views of “Kashmir Horizon”)

Mohammad Athar

yousuf123@gmail,com