Srinagar| Oct, 24: Jammu and Kashmir Kashmir’s autumn tourism calendar has gained a new floral attraction, with Chief Minister Omar Abdullah on Friday opening the Chrysanthemum Show 2026 at the Botanical Garden, Chashma Shahi, bringing the 100-kanal Bagh-e-Gul-Dawood into focus as an emerging destination for visitors beyond the Valley’s celebrated spring tulip season. Featuring 3.5 lakh locally produced plants, more than 70 varieties and nearly 12 million blossoms, the garden has been developed as part of efforts to diversify Srinagar’s tourism offerings and create fresh reasons for visitors to explore Kashmir during autumn. Themed “Enriching Autumn with New Colours”, the show presents an extensive display of chrysanthemums in shades of yellow, red, pink and purple against the surrounding mountain landscape. The opening marks another step towards broadening Kashmir’s seasonal tourism appeal, traditionally associated with the Tulip Garden in spring. By developing a dedicated autumn attraction, the government and the Department of Floriculture, Parks and Gardens are seeking to distribute visitor interest across more months of the year rather than concentrate it around a single flowering season. The initiative also places local floriculture at the centre of a tourism model that combines landscape development, horticultural expertise and visitor amenities.
From Tulips To Chrysanthemums: Speaking at the inauguration, Omar Abdullah said Bagh-e-Gul-Dawood was introduced last year to establish distinctive floral attractions marking different seasons in Kashmir. “This is the second year of bloom at Bagh-e-Gul-Dawood in Srinagar. This garden was started last year, and the purpose was to mark the beginning of our tourism season and to mark the end of the year in Srinagar. Both these gardens are special and unique to Srinagar,” he said. The Chief Minister said the popularity of the Tulip Garden had demonstrated the potential of floral tourism, but autumn needed a comparable attraction capable of drawing visitors after the spring flowering season. “We have been trying to increase our tourism season. You must have seen that many people visit the Tulip Garden at the beginning of the year. But during autumn season, we have tried to add something special to show to people. That is why this Chrysanthemum Garden has been developed by the Department of Floriculture,” he said. The strategy seeks to build a more varied tourism calendar for Srinagar, where gardens, heritage sites, lakes and mountain landscapes already provide a diverse visitor experience. A dedicated autumn flower show adds another reason for tourists to include the city in their itineraries during a period when the Valley’s landscape changes colour. The garden’s significance will ultimately depend on its ability to attract repeat visitors, sustain public interest and complement existing tourism destinations.
A Larger Display, An Enhanced Visitor Experience: This year, the garden has been upgraded with additional areas under flower beds, colourful floral arrangements, water features, selfie points and modern visitor facilities. Spread over 100 kanals, the landscaped space offers visitors an opportunity to experience the chrysanthemum blooms amid the natural surroundings of Chashma Shahi. The extensive display of flowering plants creates a seasonal attraction that combines horticulture with recreation and photography. Chief Minister Omar Abdullah said he had observed improvements compared with the previous year and expressed confidence that the garden would continue to develop. “I have seen the difference between last year and this year. We will continue to develop it in the same way,” he said. The expansion reflects the importance of continuous investment in tourism infrastructure. Floral displays may provide the initial attraction, but visitor comfort, accessibility, maintenance, cleanliness and the overall quality of the experience will influence whether such destinations become established features of Kashmir’s tourism circuit. The garden’s development also offers scope for connecting floral tourism with local businesses, including transport operators, guides, food outlets and other service providers. Greater visitor movement during autumn could help generate economic activity beyond the peak spring and summer periods. However, sustained benefits will depend on effective management, promotion and the garden’s capacity to remain attractive throughout its flowering window.
Local Plants, Long-Term Potential: A distinguishing feature of Bagh-e-Gul-Dawood is its reliance on locally produced plant material, which can be propagated and multiplied within Jammu and Kashmir. Highlighting this aspect, the Chief Minister said the chrysanthemum garden differed from the Tulip Garden, where some planting material has to be sourced from outside the country. “One big advantage of this garden is that the bulk of the plant material is indigenous and some quantity of bulbs is procured from outside the country to keep it running. Much of the plant material of this garden is our own. We propagate it and multiply it. We will try to do something new in this garden every year,” he said. Local propagation can provide the department with greater control over plant availability and the development of future displays. It also creates opportunities to strengthen horticultural knowledge, improve cultivation practices and build local capacity in ornamental plant production. The approach could contribute to a more sustainable operating model if supported by appropriate nursery management, efficient resource use and long-term planning. It may also provide opportunities for local growers and horticultural enterprises as demand for ornamental plants expands. The emphasis on indigenous production therefore adds a second dimension to the garden: alongside tourism, it demonstrates the potential of locally developed floriculture resources to support recurring seasonal attractions. The Chief Minister said new features would be introduced in the coming years to maintain the garden’s appeal and provide visitors with something different during successive flowering seasons.
Extending The Tourism Season: Seasonal diversification remains an important consideration for Kashmir’s tourism economy. While spring brings large numbers of visitors to the Tulip Garden, autumn offers a different experience through changing foliage, pleasant outdoor landscapes and the flowering of chrysanthemums. Bagh-e-Gul-Dawood is intended to strengthen this autumn offering and encourage visitors to explore Srinagar beyond its established seasonal highlights. The initiative could also help tourism businesses plan for a longer operating calendar. Additional attractions during autumn may support accommodation providers, transport services, restaurants and local markets, although the scale of these benefits will depend on visitor numbers and spending patterns. For the strategy to deliver sustained results, the garden will need continued maintenance, effective publicity, convenient access and coordination with other attractions in Srinagar. Promoting the show alongside heritage sites, Dal Lake, Mughal gardens and local cultural experiences could encourage visitors to extend their stays. The Chief Minister invited residents and tourists to visit the garden and experience its floral display. “On this occasion, I would like to invite the visitors and local people to come and take advantage of the beauty of this garden. Take some pictures and take them back as a souvenir,” he said. The invitation also underlines the garden’s value as a public recreational space for residents of Srinagar and adjoining areas, not merely as a destination for outside tourists.
A Seasonal Attraction With Room To Grow: The opening of the Chrysanthemum Show represents an effort to give autumn a more prominent place in Kashmir’s tourism calendar. Its 3.5 lakh plants, more than 70 varieties and nearly 12 million blossoms provide the scale for an attraction that combines horticulture, landscape design and tourism promotion. Its longer-term success, however, will depend on whether the annual display develops into a consistently maintained destination with fresh features, strong visitor engagement and benefits for the local economy. The garden’s reliance on locally propagated plants offers an additional opportunity to strengthen floriculture capacity within the region while reducing dependence on externally sourced planting material for much of the display. Omar Abdullah was accompanied by Minister for Agriculture Production Javid Ahmed Dar, Advisor to the Chief Minister Nasir Aslam Wani, MLAs Shamim Firdous, Salman Sagar and Sheikh Ahsan Ahmed, Additional Chief Secretary to the Chief Minister Dheeraj Gupta, Commissioner Secretary Floriculture, Parks and Gardens Zubair Ahmad, Director Floriculture Kashmir Mathoora Masoom and other officers.

Mohammad Irfan

The sacrifices of police personnel, the changing nature of internal security threats and the responsibility of building a safer, more prosperous society emerged as central themes of Police Commemoration Day, as Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Union Home Minister Amit Shah and Defence Minister Rajnath Singh underscored the indispensable role of police and security forces in safeguarding India’s security and development. While PM Modi paid tribute to police personnel who lost their lives in the line of duty, Shah highlighted progress against terrorism and Left-Wing Extremism, setting December 31, 2029, as the target for eliminating the drug menace. Rajnath Singh, addressing the commemoration in 2025, had emphasised the relationship between security, public confidence, technological modernisation and the national ambition of becoming a developed country by 2047. Together, these messages present a broader understanding of policing: national security is not merely about preventing violence or confronting hostile elements; it also involves protecting citizens, strengthening institutions, ensuring justice and creating conditions in which communities can pursue education, livelihoods and development without fear. The occasion also provided an opportunity to reflect on the human cost of maintaining internal security and the responsibility of the state towards families whose loved ones made the supreme sacrifice.

A National Tribute To Extraordinary Service: In his message, Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed gratitude to police personnel for their commitment under challenging circumstances, recognising their contribution to maintaining law and order, combating crime, responding to emergencies and protecting citizens. He paid solemn tribute to those who laid down their lives while performing their duties, stating that their courage, dedication and sacrifice would remain etched in the nation’s memory. The Prime Minister’s message reflected the wide scope of police responsibilities in a country as large and diverse as India. Police personnel are required to manage public gatherings, investigate offences, respond to disasters, protect vulnerable citizens and maintain order during situations that can change rapidly. Their contribution often becomes visible during major security incidents or emergencies, but much of their work takes place away from public attention. Routine patrols, investigations, crime prevention and assistance to citizens collectively sustain the sense of security necessary for everyday life. The significance of Police Commemoration Day therefore extends beyond remembering those who died in service. It recognises the institutional contribution of police personnel whose work enables communities, businesses, educational institutions and public services to function. The day also highlights the need to strengthen the working conditions, professional capabilities and welfare systems of those entrusted with these responsibilities.

Remembering The Origins Of Police Commemoration Day : Police Commemoration Day is observed annually on October 21 in memory of ten Central Reserve Police Force personnel who laid down their lives in 1959 while confronting an attack by heavily armed Chinese troops at Hot Springs in Ladakh. The incident became a defining moment in the history of police sacrifice and established the foundation for the annual observance.The National Police Memorial in New Delhi, inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2018, serves as a national symbol of recognition for police personnel who have died in the line of duty. It provides a place where citizens can remember those whose service helped protect the country’s security and integrity. Addressing the commemoration in 2026, Shah said that 36,852 police personnel had made the supreme sacrifice since Independence, including 154 personnel during the year. Their names represent individual lives, families and communities permanently affected by the consequences of duty. The figures also underline the scale of responsibility carried by police organisations across the country, including state police forces, central armed police forces and specialised units deployed in difficult security environments. Home Minister Amit Shah said the nation remained indebted to the fallen personnel and their families, acknowledging that the loss of a loved one could never be adequately compensated. Such recognition carries an important public responsibility. Honouring the fallen must involve not only preserving their memory but also ensuring that their families receive timely assistance, financial security and access to essential services.

Security Gains Create Opportunities For Development: Shah described 2026 as a significant year for India’s internal security, pointing to the government’s announcement that Left-Wing Extremism had been eliminated by March 31, following decades of violence. He recalled that Naxal-related violence between 1981 and March 2026 had claimed more than 3,600 security personnel and approximately 13,700 civilians. The figures illustrate the human consequences of prolonged internal conflict and the importance of restoring stability in affected regions. Home Minister Shah credited the Chhattisgarh Police, Central Armed Police Forces, Central Reserve Police Force and its specialisedCoBRA battalion for their contribution to the campaign against Left-Wing Extremism. He also highlighted improvements in the internal security situation in Jammu and Kashmir and the Northeast, arguing that areas previously associated with prolonged conflict were increasingly positioned to pursue development. The broader significance of such changes lies in the opportunities that security improvements can create. Schools and colleges can operate more consistently, infrastructure projects can advance, businesses can invest and local communities can pursue economic activities with greater confidence. In areas affected by violence, the restoration of normalcy can also improve access to healthcare, administration and welfare programmes. However, the transition from security gains to sustained development requires continued attention to employment, education, connectivity, public services and the concerns of local communities. Security operations can reduce the immediate threat of violence, but lasting stability depends on institutions that remain accessible, responsive and capable of delivering tangible benefits. The challenge is to ensure that peace becomes a foundation for opportunity rather than simply a period of reduced conflict.

The Drug Menace| A National Priority: Home Minister Amit Shah announced a coordinated nationwide campaign against narcotics, setting December 31, 2029, as the target for making India free from the drug menace. He called upon police forces to dedicate the remaining months of 2026 and the following years to a determined campaign, describing narcotics as a threat to future generations, the economy and national security.He also warned that proceeds from drug-related activities could provide financial support to organisations engaged in anti-national activities.The announcement places drug trafficking within a wider framework of public health, organised crime and national security. For law enforcement agencies, the challenge involves identifying trafficking networks, tracing illicit financial transactions, improving coordination across jurisdictions and bringing those responsible to justice. Effective action requires cooperation among police forces, intelligence agencies, border authorities and other relevant institutions.Yet a successful anti-drug strategy cannot depend on enforcement alone. Substance dependence can affect individuals, families and communities, creating consequences for education, employment, physical well-being and social relationships. Prevention, early intervention, treatment and rehabilitation must therefore complement action against traffickers. Schools, colleges, healthcare institutions, community organisations and families can contribute through awareness programmes and support systems that encourage people to seek help. Young people, in particular, need access to credible information, counselling, recreational opportunities and meaningful educational and employment pathways.The 2029 target offers a clear national objective, but its effectiveness will ultimately depend on implementation, coordination and measurable improvements in both enforcement and prevention.The central test will be whether the campaign weakens organised trafficking networks while reducing the harm associated with substance abuse.

From Public Order To Public Trust : Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, addressing Police Commemoration Day in 2025, described police and military institutions as pillars of national security, emphasising that their responsibilities differ but contribute to the common objective of protecting the nation. He noted that the armed forces safeguard the country’s geographical integrity, while the police protect society and its internal security. Singh also highlighted the changing nature of crime, observing that organised criminal activity, terrorism and ideological conflicts could undermine social trust and institutional stability. His remarks placed public confidence at the centre of effective policing. A police force may possess operational strength and advanced equipment, but its long-term effectiveness also depends on the confidence citizens place in its fairness, professionalism and responsiveness. For ordinary citizens, policing is experienced through everyday interactions: the registration of complaints, the conduct of investigations, assistance during emergencies and the treatment of victims. When complaints are addressed promptly and investigations are conducted impartially, public confidence grows. When vulnerable citizens receive protection and legal procedures are followed consistently, the credibility of institutions improves. Citizen cooperation also becomes more effective when people believe that the law protects them fairly. This relationship is particularly important in a diverse society, where public order must be maintained alongside constitutional rights, individual dignity and the peaceful expression of differences.The wider objective is to build policing systems that are firm against crime, professional in their methods and accessible to the communities they serve.

“Digital systems can also support record management, complaint tracking and coordination between agencies, potentially reducing delays and improving administrative transparency….…..”

Modernisation For Emerging Security Challenges:  Defence Minister Rajnath Singh highlighted improvements in police capabilities, including modern weapons, surveillance systems, drones, forensic laboratories and digital policing. He also stressed the need for coordination among security agencies and the effective utilisation of resources provided for police modernisation. These developments reflect the changing character of law enforcement. Criminal networks increasingly exploit digital platforms, financial systems and communication technologies, while investigations may require sophisticated forensic analysis and cooperation across geographical boundaries. Technology can improve the speed and accuracy of investigations, strengthen intelligence analysis and help police respond more efficiently to emergencies. Digital systems can also support record management, complaint tracking and coordination between agencies, potentially reducing delays and improving administrative transparency. However, modernisation requires more than purchasing equipment. Personnel must receive appropriate training, investigative procedures must be updated and institutions must develop the capacity to use technology responsibly. Data protection, lawful surveillance, evidence integrity and accountability are equally important. Technological tools should strengthen the rule of law rather than replace professional judgment or established legal safeguards. The effective integration of technology with skilled personnel can help police organisations respond to emerging threats while maintaining public confidence. For India’s development ambitions, a modern and capable police system is an important institutional asset, supporting economic activity, public safety and the reliable functioning of democratic processes.

Police Welfare Is Part Of National Security: The three leaders’ messages also draw attention to the people behind the uniform.Police personnel and central armed police forces often work long hours, serve away from their families and remain on duty during elections, festivals, protests, disasters and security operations. Home Minister Amit Shah specifically acknowledged the contribution of central forces deployed along borders and within the country, noting their role in maintaining security and enabling democratic processes. The sacrifices made by personnel also impose a lasting responsibility on the state towards their families.Financial assistance, timely settlement of benefits, educational support for children, healthcare access and counselling services can help families navigate the consequences of losing a loved one. Support should be accessible through clear procedures, with administrative delays minimised and families informed about their entitlements. The welfare of serving personnel is equally important. Adequate rest, training, equipment, housing, healthcare and opportunities for professional development contribute to morale and operational effectiveness. These measures are not separate from national security. Personnel who are properly equipped, professionally supported and confident in their institutions are better positioned to discharge demanding responsibilities. A culture of institutional care also strengthens recruitment, retention and public respect for police service. Commemoration becomes meaningful when the state’s gratitude is reflected in practical support for those who serve and those who bear the consequences of their sacrifice.

Partnership Between Police And Society: Singh emphasised that police and society are interdependent, arguing that effective policing requires citizens to cooperate with law enforcement and respect the law. This principle recognises that security cannot be sustained by institutions acting in isolation. Citizens can contribute by reporting offences, sharing credible information, resisting misinformation and participating in community initiatives aimed at preventing crime. Community engagement can help identify local concerns early, improve communication and strengthen cooperation between residents and law enforcement agencies.At the same time, police organisations must maintain impartiality, explain their actions where appropriate and provide accessible mechanisms for addressing grievances.Public trust grows when cooperation is based on mutual respect rather than fear or compulsion. Such partnerships can be particularly valuable in preventing drug abuse, protecting children, supporting victims of crime and resolving local disputes before they escalate. They also strengthen social resilience against attempts to spread hostility or disrupt communal harmony. The objective is not to transfer the responsibilities of law enforcement to citizens, but to build a relationship in which professional policing and responsible public participation reinforce each other.

The Road Towards Viksit Bharat: India’s ambition of becoming a developed nation by 2047 requires progress across economic, technological and social sectors. It also requires institutions capable of protecting citizens, enforcing the law and maintaining an environment conducive to development.The messages delivered on Police Commemoration Day connect these national ambitions with the everyday responsibilities of police personnel. Security creates the conditions in which infrastructure can expand, businesses can operate, educational institutions can function and communities can pursue opportunities. Public confidence, in turn, strengthens the legitimacy and effectiveness of institutions responsible for maintaining that security. The elimination of longstanding security threats, the prevention of narcotics-related harm and the modernisation of law enforcement can contribute to this broader objective.

Kashmir Horizon View: Police Commemoration Day honours those who gave their lives in service of the nation, while reminding society that security is sustained through courage, professionalism and collective responsibility. Prime Minister Modi’s tribute recognised the invaluable contribution of police personnel. Shah highlighted the continuing fight against internal security threats and set a national target against the drug menace. Singh’s earlier address emphasised modernisation, public trust and the relationship between security and development. Sinha’s message brought these themes into the specific context of Jammu and Kashmir, with its continuing priorities of peace, counterterrorism, public safety and support for martyrs’ families. Together, these messages point towards a broader national objective: building institutions that can confront threats effectively while protecting citizens’ rights, strengthening social confidence and enabling development.

(“Team Kashmir Horizon” is committed to continuous improvement and invites feedback and suggestions from readers and its followers on social media sites. Reader insights are considered vital for enhancing content quality and empowering the community. The team encourages open communication and values the thoughts and ideas of its audience, believing that such input will enable them to serve the public more effectively. The initiative aims to ensure that readers have the best possible experience with “Kashmir Horizon”. Interested individuals can reach out to us via email at editor@thekashmirhorizon.com.)

Mohammad Irfan

The Jammu and Kashmir Police’s long and difficult battle against terrorism, the sacrifices made by its personnel and the continuing challenge of safeguarding peace formed the centrepiece of Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha’s message on Police Commemoration Day on Wednesday, as he paid tribute to police personnel who laid down their lives in the line of duty. Remembering the courage, dedication and patriotism of the fallen personnel, Sinha described their sacrifice as an enduring source of inspiration for Jammu and Kashmir and the country. His message, however, extended beyond ceremonial remembrance, outlining a broader security and governance agenda that places the elimination of terrorism alongside public safety, the welfare of martyrs’ families, protection of vulnerable communities and the creation of conditions necessary for sustained development. The Lieutenant Governor’s address underscored a central proposition: peace in Jammu and Kashmir cannot be measured merely by the absence of violence. It must also be reflected in the safety of ordinary citizens, the protection of their rights, the availability of justice, the prevention of drug abuse and trafficking, and the ability of institutions to function without intimidation. At the same time, his firm warning to those supporting terrorism highlighted the administration’s stated determination to pursue terrorist networks and their support structures through law enforcement. “ Our goal is to identify and root out terrorism and every element associated with it in Jammu Kashmir,” Sinha said, calling upon people to strengthen their resolve against separatist and terrorist elements.

A Legacy Of Sacrifice: Police Commemoration Day is an occasion to remember personnel who have died while performing their duties. In Jammu and Kashmir, the observance carries particular significance because of the prolonged security challenges faced by the police and other security forces. The Jammu and Kashmir Police has operated in circumstances in which routine policing, counterterrorism operations, public order management and emergency response have often overlapped. Its personnel have been required to perform duties ranging from investigating ordinary crimes and maintaining public order to responding to terrorist violence and assisting civilians during natural disasters and other emergencies. Lt Governor Sinha acknowledged this wide-ranging responsibility, describing the force’s history as one marked by courage, discipline and an unwavering commitment to duty. “Thousands of personnel of the Jammu Kashmir Police force have laid down their lives in the fight against terrorism,” he said, adding that their contribution would remain an inspiration for the country. The significance of the tribute lies in recognising that the cost of counterterrorism is not borne exclusively by personnel deployed on the ground. It extends to their families, who must cope with the loss of loved ones and the permanent changes that follow.

Security Remains Central To The Peace Agenda: Lt Governor Sinha’s address placed the elimination of terrorism and its support networks at the centre of the security agenda. He called for a sustained effort to identify and dismantle the elements associated with terrorism and warned those providing support to terrorist activities that they would face action under the law. “I warn those elements within Jammu Kashmir who support terrorism that your days are over. Even if you attempt to hide in Pataal, we will find you and ensure that you are punished under the law,” he said. The statement reflects the administration’s emphasis on pursuing not only those directly involved in terrorist violence but also the networks that facilitate, finance or otherwise support such activities. From a governance perspective, the distinction is important. Terrorist violence can have consequences far beyond the immediate victims, disrupting economic activity, restricting movement, weakening public confidence and undermining the functioning of institutions. Its support structures can also complicate efforts to establish lasting stability. However, a durable security framework requires more than operational success. Intelligence-led policing, effective investigation, coordination among security agencies and timely prosecution are essential components of a sustainable response. Equally important is adherence to the law and due process. Effective counterterrorism depends on the ability of institutions to distinguish between criminal conduct and lawful activity, establish responsibility through evidence and ensure accountability through the justice system. Lt Governor Sinha’s emphasis on punishment under the law provides the legal framework within which the administration’s stated resolve must operate. The broader objective is to create an environment in which terrorism loses its capacity to intimidate citizens, disrupt daily life or undermine confidence in public institutions.

Police, Army And CAPFs Share The Responsibility: The Lieutenant Governor recognised the contributions of the Jammu and Kashmir Police, the Indian Army and the Central Armed Police Forces, describing their role in protecting the country’s security and integrity as particularly important during a period of national transformation. He noted that India was moving towards its ambition of becoming a developed nation and argued that peace, stability and progress in Jammu and Kashmir were essential to that journey. “In this journey, peace, stability, and progress in Jammu Kashmir are of special importance, and the major responsibility of ensuring them rests on the shoulders of the Police, army and CAPFs,” he said. The observation connects security with development. A stable environment allows educational institutions to operate, businesses to expand, tourists to travel, public services to reach communities and young people to pursue opportunities without the disruption caused by violence. For Jammu and Kashmir, where livelihoods in sectors such as tourism, horticulture, handicrafts and services depend substantially on public confidence and uninterrupted economic activity, stability has implications extending well beyond the security establishment. Yet the relationship between security and development works in both directions. While peace creates opportunities for investment and employment, inclusive economic growth, access to education and confidence in public institutions can also strengthen social resilience against violence and radicalisation. The challenge, therefore, is to ensure that security measures and development initiatives reinforce each other. The police have a particularly important role in this process because they are among the public institutions with which citizens interact most frequently. Their conduct during investigations, traffic management, public gatherings, emergencies and routine complaints can influence how people perceive the administration as a whole.

From Counterterrorism To Citizen-Centric Policing : One of the significant aspects of LG Sinha’s message was his emphasis on the police uniform as a symbol of service and responsibility rather than authority alone. He said the true measure of policing lay in ensuring public safety, delivering justice and standing by society during times of need and crisis. This formulation broadens the understanding of police performance. While counterterrorism operations and the prevention of violent incidents remain critical, everyday policing is equally important to public confidence. For a citizen approaching a police station, the effectiveness of the system may be judged by whether a complaint is registered promptly, an investigation is conducted fairly, a victim receives assistance and a grievance is addressed without unnecessary delay. Similarly, vulnerable citizens may assess the credibility of the institution through the protection available to them when they face threats, abuse, exploitation or intimidation.

“Lieutenant Governor’s message placed farmers at the centre of this process, calling on engineers and innovators to develop tools that are practical, affordable and durable.….”

Protection Of Women, Children And Vulnerable Groups: Lt Governor Sinha also called for stronger measures to prevent crimes against women and children, protect vulnerable sections of society and ensure timely justice for victims. He emphasised the need for continuous review of systems designed to monitor and control such crimes, suggesting that existing arrangements must be assessed for their effectiveness and improved wherever necessary. The issue is significant because the experience of safety extends beyond counterterrorism. Women, children and vulnerable individuals require reliable mechanisms to report offences, receive immediate protection and access justice without facing intimidation or repeated hardship. The Lieutenant Governor’s call to review monitoring and control mechanisms is therefore relevant to the larger question of how policing can become more responsive to the everyday concerns of citizens. A secure society is one in which people are protected not only from organised violence but also from crimes and exploitation within their communities and homes.

The Challenge Of Drugs And Narco-Terrorism: The fight against drug trafficking and narco-terrorism was another major priority highlighted in the address.Sinha called for a collective commitment to a drug-free Jammu and Kashmir and stressed the need to confront the networks associated with narcotics and terrorism. The issue has two interconnected dimensions. Drug trafficking is a criminal activity that can generate illicit profits and expose communities, particularly young people, to serious social and health-related harms. Narco-terrorism, meanwhile, raises security concerns where proceeds from narcotics-related activities are used to finance or facilitate terrorist networks. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated enforcement, intelligence sharing, effective financial investigations and action against organised trafficking networks. However, a comprehensive response must also recognise the public-health dimension of substance dependence. Individuals struggling with addiction may require treatment, rehabilitation, counselling and social support alongside appropriate action against those involved in trafficking and exploitation. Prevention is equally important. Awareness programmes, accessible treatment services, community participation and support for families can help reduce the social damage associated with substance abuse. Young people need credible opportunities in education, employment, sports and other constructive activities. Such opportunities cannot replace law enforcement, but they can contribute to stronger communities and reduce vulnerabilities that criminal networks may exploit. The objective of a drug-free Jammu and Kashmir therefore requires a combination of firm action against traffickers, disruption of illicit financial networks, prevention of substance abuse and sustained rehabilitation efforts.

Martyrs’ Families And The Responsibility Of The State: The Lieutenant Governor’s assurance to the families of police martyrs was among the most significant humanitarian elements of his message. Public recognition of sacrifice has symbolic value, but the welfare of families demands practical and sustained measures. The loss of an earning member can affect household finances, children’s education, healthcare access and long-term security. For this reason, welfare programmes must be designed and implemented with attention to the different needs of affected families. Timely payment of benefits, clear communication regarding entitlements, assistance with documentation and dedicated grievance-redressal mechanisms can make a meaningful difference.

Peace As A Collective Responsibility: Lt Governor Sinha called upon citizens to uphold unity, communal harmony and mutual trust while remaining vigilant against forces seeking to disturb peace and stability. The appeal is significant in a socially diverse region where public confidence depends on the ability of communities to coexist peacefully and resolve differences through lawful and democratic means. Security agencies can respond to threats, but lasting peace also depends on the conduct of citizens, community institutions and public representatives. Rumours, misinformation, communal hostility and attempts to provoke violence can damage social relations and create conditions in which insecurity spreads beyond its immediate source. Community participation, responsible communication, awareness of legal obligations and cooperation with lawful investigations can contribute to a more resilient society.

Kashmir Horizon View: Police Commemoration Day provides an opportunity to honour those who made the supreme sacrifice, but it also invites reflection on the responsibilities that follow their sacrifice. The administration’s stated priorities—eliminating terrorism, supporting martyrs’ families, protecting women and children, combating drug trafficking and strengthening public safety—require sustained implementation and measurable outcomes. Progress can be assessed through the effectiveness of investigations, the quality of victim support, the timely delivery of welfare benefits, improvements in access to justice and the ability of communities to participate in public life without fear. The strength of a policing institution is ultimately reflected in its ability to protect citizens while upholding the law. Operational capability, professional integrity, public accountability and sensitivity towards vulnerable people are complementary rather than competing objectives. For Jammu and Kashmir, the stakes are especially high. Lasting peace would create greater space for education, entrepreneurship, tourism, investment and the aspirations of a younger generation seeking stability and opportunity. The sacrifices of police personnel and other security forces have been central to the region’s security experience. Honouring those sacrifices requires continued vigilance against terrorism, but it also calls for institutions that deliver justice, support affected families and protect the dignity and safety of ordinary citizens. As Lt Governor Sinha paid tribute to the fallen personnel, he described their courage as a source of inspiration for strengthening peace, unity and security. The enduring significance of Police Commemoration Day lies in translating that inspiration into institutional responsibility: ensuring that those who serve are supported, those who suffer receive justice, those who are vulnerable are protected and citizens can pursue their lives without fear. For Jammu and Kashmir, that remains the broader promise of peace—not simply the absence of violence, but the presence of security, trust, justice and opportunities for all.

(“Team Kashmir Horizon” is committed to continuous improvement and invites feedback and suggestions from readers and its followers on social media sites. Reader insights are considered vital for enhancing content quality and empowering the community. The team encourages open communication and values the thoughts and ideas of its audience, believing that such input will enable them to serve the public more effectively. The initiative aims to ensure that readers have the best possible experience with “Kashmir Horizon”. Interested individuals can reach out to us via email at editor@thekashmirhorizon.com.)

Srinagar| Oct, 17: Jammu and Kashmir Bank Srinagar, October 15: Against the picturesque backdrop of Dal Lake, Jashn-e-Dal 2026 has emerged as more than a sporting event, bringing together youth engagement, community participation and the fight against drug abuse as Jammu and Kashmir Police expands its outreach beyond conventional law-enforcement responsibilities. The three-day water-sports event, which concluded on Wednesday, brought nearly 600 young athletes together across 20 disciplines, including kayaking, canoeing, rowing, sculling and the traditional shikara race. The event showcased Kashmir’s sporting talent and water-sports traditions while highlighting the growing emphasis on sports as a means of engaging young people in constructive activities. Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha congratulated Jammu and Kashmir Police on the successful completion of the event, describing sports as a celebration of human capability, perseverance and collective aspiration. He called upon young people to dream big, pursue excellence and contribute towards building a healthy and drug-free society. The event also provided a platform for Director General Police Nalin Prabhat to outline the force’s expanding youth-engagement programme. He said the police would organise 240 youth-oriented events across districts this year, compared with 144 last year, as part of efforts to channelise youthful energy into sports and other positive activities. The expansion comes amid official efforts to address drug abuse and its wider social consequences in Jammu and Kashmir. Through sporting competitions, cultural programmes, educational visits and civic action initiatives, the police are seeking to establish stronger connections with communities, particularly young people. The challenge, however, extends beyond organising events. Sustained engagement, access to sports facilities, professional coaching, counselling and rehabilitation services will remain important in ensuring that such initiatives contribute to lasting social change.
From Water-Sports Competition To Wider Youth Movement: Jashn-e-Dal has gradually acquired an identity beyond its annual sporting calendar, with the Lieutenant Governor describing it as a tradition that has developed an emotional connection with the people of Jammu and Kashmir. The participation of nearly 600 athletes in 20 disciplines reflects the range of water-sports activities being promoted through the event. Kayaking, canoeing, rowing and sculling demand physical endurance, coordination, technical skills and sustained training, while the traditional shikara race connects the sporting programme with Kashmir’s distinctive relationship with its waterways. Additional Director General Police (Armed Police), Kashmir, Nitish Kumar, had described the event at its inauguration as not merely a competition but a celebration of Kashmir’s culture, traditions and heritage. Calling it a “Jashn-e-Kashmir”, Kumar said the programme reflected the cultural richness of the region and provided an opportunity for players from different categories of water sports to participate. The setting is significant. Dal Lake is both an internationally recognised tourism destination and an important part of Srinagar’s cultural and economic landscape. Hosting a sporting event here connects athletic activity with the region’s heritage and creates opportunities to showcase local talent. For participating athletes, such competitions can provide experience, exposure and an incentive to improve performance. For spectators and local communities, they offer a shared public platform where sporting achievement becomes a source of collective pride. Lt Governor Sinha, in his message, said sports develop determination, patience and courage among young people. He urged medal winners to remain humble and encouraged those who did not win to treat setbacks as stepping stones towards future success. The emphasis on participation, rather than victory alone, is important for a youth programme seeking to reach beyond a small group of elite athletes. Sporting initiatives can have a wider social impact when they encourage newcomers to participate, provide opportunities for different skill levels and create pathways from community-level competitions to professional training. The future of Jashn-e-Dal will therefore depend not only on the scale of its annual participation but also on whether young athletes receive opportunities to continue training after the event concludes.
Police Outreach Expands As Drug Abuse Remains A Concern: The announcement of 240 youth-oriented events this year, against 144 last year, indicates an expansion in the scale of the police’s civic and sporting outreach. Addressing participants at Jashn-e-Dal, DGP Nalin Prabhat said the participation of young people was essential to the success of such programmes. He also cited the participation of more than 6,000 people in a recent Run for Unity event as an example of the public response to community-oriented initiatives. The DGP said 1,789 children had been sent on Bharat Darshan visits last year, while the target had been raised to 2,000 this year. Such visits can expose students to different parts of the country, educational institutions and cultural experiences, provided they are accompanied by meaningful learning opportunities. The wider strategy seeks to make community engagement a continuing part of policing. Sports, educational visits and public events can create opportunities for police personnel and residents to interact outside the immediate context of security operations. DGP Prabhat said the police’s responsibilities extended beyond confronting security threats to working with communities and young people to strengthen society’s resilience. He referred to the challenges posed by drug abuse and narco-terrorism, linking the force’s outreach efforts with the broader objective of a drug-free society. “J&K Police does not just fight Pakistani terrorists. We are also trying to synergise with our people and our youth to make society resilient to face various challenges,” he said. The statement reflects the police leadership’s emphasis on combining security responsibilities with social engagement. In the context of drug abuse, however, the effectiveness of such programmes will need to be assessed alongside public-health interventions, access to treatment and efforts to prevent the availability and distribution of illicit substances. Sports can provide a constructive routine, a sense of belonging and opportunities for mentorship. They cannot, on their own, address every factor associated with substance use, including psychological distress, social isolation and dependence requiring professional treatment. A sustained strategy would therefore benefit from coordination among the police, educational institutions, health professionals, families, community organisations and rehabilitation services.
Sports and the fight against addiction: Both Sinha and the police leadership placed sports at the centre of their message on drug prevention. Sinha said sporting initiatives could channel youthful energy towards nation-building, creativity and positive social transformation. He also commended the police’s Civic Action Programme and youth-oriented activities, including Run for Unity and the upcoming Pedal for Paradise rally. Nitish Kumar similarly argued that sports could help young people manage stress and anxiety while supporting physical and mental well-being. He said such activities could help steer youth away from drug addiction. The focus on stress and anxiety highlights an important dimension of youth engagement. Young people need accessible spaces where they can develop skills, build social connections and participate in activities that provide a sense of achievement. Organised sports can offer these opportunities by creating routines, encouraging teamwork and connecting participants with coaches and mentors. They can also help young people develop resilience by teaching them to manage setbacks, follow rules and work towards long-term goals. DGP Prabhat drew a parallel between water sports and policing, identifying discipline, coordination, teamwork, performance under pressure and the ability to deal with uncertainty as qualities common to both. These qualities are relevant beyond competitive sport. They can help young participants develop confidence and interpersonal skills that are useful in education, employment and community life. The public-health dimension of drug prevention nevertheless requires a broader approach. Awareness campaigns and sporting activities can contribute to prevention, but people affected by substance dependence may also require confidential counselling, medical care, rehabilitation and sustained family and community support. Programmes will be more effective if they provide clear pathways for young people who need help, rather than treating participation in sports as a substitute for professional intervention. The police’s expanded calendar could create opportunities to incorporate awareness sessions, referrals to health services and engagement with trained counsellors. Such measures would help connect the visibility of public events with support that continues after the crowds disperse.
Building Trust Through Community Participation: The expansion of civic action programmes also raises a wider question about the relationship between the police and the public.Security agencies operate in a range of situations, from law enforcement to emergency response. Community-oriented programmes create additional spaces for interaction, particularly with young people who may otherwise have limited opportunities to engage with police personnel outside official circumstances. Sports can provide a common platform because participation is organised around shared rules, teamwork and performance. Athletes from different backgrounds can compete and cooperate, while coaches and organisers can develop relationships with participants over time. For the police, the value of such engagement lies in building sustained contact with communities rather than limiting outreach to isolated events. For participants, the value lies in having meaningful opportunities to learn, compete and develop skills. Lt Governor Sinha commended the Jammu and Kashmir Police for its Civic Action Programme and initiatives designed to strengthen youth participation. He expressed confidence that the region’s water-sports ecosystem would continue to expand and create greater opportunities for young athletes. The impact of these programmes could be strengthened through regular competitions at district and local levels, access to training facilities and transparent systems for identifying promising athletes. The 240 events announced for this year offer an opportunity to extend participation across districts, but the geographical spread and accessibility of these programmes will matter as much as their total number. Young people in remote areas, girls and participants from economically disadvantaged families need practical opportunities to take part.

Mohammad Irfan

Jammu and Kashmir has witnessed significant changes in its development priorities and administrative functioning since 2019, with infrastructure expansion, digital governance, tourism promotion and investment attraction emerging as key pillars of its growth strategy. Under Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha, who assumed office in August 2020, the administration has focused on improving public service delivery, accelerating development projects, strengthening institutional mechanisms and expanding economic opportunities. The transformation reflects a combination of central government investment, administrative initiatives, improved connectivity and sustained efforts to promote Jammu and Kashmir as a destination for tourism, entrepreneurship and industrial activity. From railway connectivity through the Himalayas to the digitisation of public services, the changes are creating new possibilities for residents, businesses and visitors. The emerging development model rests on six interconnected pillars: security and stability, digital governance, infrastructure, industrial investment, tourism and grassroots development. Together, these initiatives offer a framework for strengthening the region’s economic potential and improving the delivery of public services.

Security, Stability Create Space For Development: A stable environment is essential for economic activity, education, tourism and public administration. Jammu and Kashmir has made progress in restoring regular commercial activity and reducing the disruptions associated with organised shutdowns that previously affected everyday life. The administration has pursued a security framework focused on counterterrorism, action against terror financing and the protection of public institutions. These measures have been accompanied by efforts to improve administrative responsiveness and maintain continuity in educational, commercial and government activities. The benefits of greater operational continuity extend across sectors. Businesses can plan their activities more effectively, educational institutions can maintain academic schedules, and tourism enterprises can invest in accommodation, transport and visitor services. A more predictable operating environment also helps create opportunities for local entrepreneurs and service providers. Sustaining these gains remains important for the region’s long-term development. Continued improvements in public safety, community engagement and institutional effectiveness can strengthen confidence among investors, visitors and residents. The development objective is to ensure that stability translates into wider opportunities, allowing people across urban and rural areas to participate in economic growth.

Digital Governance Brings Services Closer To Citizens: One of the most significant administrative initiatives has been the expansion of online public services. Jammu and Kashmir has progressively digitised government processes, making a wider range of certificates, registrations, revenue services and other administrative facilities accessible through digital platforms. The administration has reported an expansion from a relatively limited online service portfolio before the 2019 reorganisation to more than 1,100 services in the subsequent period. This expansion represents an important step towards a more accessible and technology-enabled system of governance. Online services can reduce the need for repeated visits to government offices, save travel expenses and simplify routine procedures. For residents in remote areas, where accessing administrative offices can involve considerable time and cost, digital delivery can be particularly beneficial. The Public Services Guarantee Act and related time-bound service delivery mechanisms provide an additional framework for improving accountability. Escalation arrangements for delayed applications can encourage departments to process requests within prescribed timelines. Digitisation of land records and the introduction of land passbooks have also improved access to property-related information. These initiatives can help citizens verify records, understand ownership details and reduce uncertainty in land transactions. Financial management systems such as the Budget Estimation, Allocation and Monitoring System (BEAMS), along with technology-based monitoring of public works, have strengthened the administration’s capacity to track expenditure and project implementation. The next phase of digital governance can build on these foundations through wider citizen assistance, improved digital literacy and transparent performance reporting. By combining online access with effective support at the local level, Jammu and Kashmir can continue moving towards a more efficient and citizen-friendly administration.

Infrastructure Connects Jammu And Kashmir With New Opportunities: Infrastructure development has emerged as one of the most visible components of the region’s transformation. Railway projects, tunnels, bridges, highway improvements and power investments are helping address geographical challenges and creating new possibilities for trade, mobility and tourism. The completion and dedication of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link in June 2025 marked a historic milestone in the region’s connectivity. The approximately 272-kilometre railway project, built at a reported cost of around ₹43,780 crore, includes major engineering achievements such as the Chenab Rail Bridge, the world’s highest railway arch bridge, and the Anji Khad cable-stayed railway bridge. The railway connection has the potential to transform passenger travel and create new opportunities for freight movement. Better rail connectivity can support the movement of agricultural produce, handicrafts, industrial goods and consumer products while expanding travel options for residents and tourists. For the horticulture sector, improved transport infrastructure could complement existing road networks and strengthen market access. As freight facilities and logistics services develop, growers and traders may gain additional options for transporting produce to markets outside the Valley. Road projects are equally important. The Jammu-Srinagar National Highway remains a critical economic lifeline, while the Z-Morh and Zojila tunnel projects are designed to improve connectivity through challenging Himalayan terrain. These projects can support more reliable transportation, improve access to remote areas and strengthen the movement of essential goods. Power generation is another important component of the development strategy. Hydropower projects, including Ratle, Kiru and Kwar, are expected to strengthen electricity generation capacity over time. Better power availability can support households, businesses, tourism establishments and industrial units. Investment in healthcare and educational infrastructure complements these initiatives. New medical institutions, upgraded facilities and expanded public programmes can improve access to essential services, particularly when supported by adequate staffing, equipment and resources. Together, these projects are creating the physical foundations for a more connected and economically integrated Jammu and Kashmir.

“Sustainable tourism planning will be important in preserving the natural environment that makes Jammu and Kashmir distinctive. Responsible waste management, water conservation, improved public facilities and community participation can help ensure that tourism growth remains beneficial over the long term…”

Industrial Investment And Entrepreneurship Expand The Economic Horizon:  The Government has worked to attract industrial investment and diversify the regional economy through incentives, policy reforms and entrepreneurship programmes. The New Central Sector Scheme for Industrial Development, introduced in 2021 with an outlay of ₹28,400 crore, was designed to encourage fresh investment and industrial expansion. Its incentives seek to improve the attractiveness of Jammu and Kashmir for manufacturing and other productive activities. The scale of investment interest reflects the region’s potential in sectors such as food processing, information technology, tourism services, handicrafts, renewable energy and horticulture-related industries. For Jammu and Kashmir, industrial development offers an opportunity to complement traditional livelihoods with new sources of employment. Food-processing facilities, modern cold storage, packaging units and value-addition enterprises can strengthen the horticulture economy by helping producers reach markets with higher-value products. The handicraft and handloom sectors can benefit from digital marketplaces, branding initiatives and improved access to national and international consumers. Similarly, technology-based enterprises can use the region’s educated workforce to develop services in software, digital marketing, education technology and other emerging fields. Entrepreneurship initiatives are also creating avenues for young people to explore self-employment and innovative business models. Start-ups can help address local needs while generating employment and expanding the private sector. Mission YUVA and other enterprise-support initiatives provide a framework for promoting entrepreneurship, skills and access to financial assistance. Their potential impact lies in connecting training and funding with viable business opportunities and sustained market demand. The emphasis on Global Capability Centres and technology-led services could further broaden the economic base if accompanied by reliable connectivity, skilled talent, business infrastructure and long-term investment. The next opportunity is to deepen the connection between investment and local economic participation. Stronger industrial linkages with farmers, artisans, small businesses and educational institutions can ensure that economic expansion benefits a wider section of society.

Tourism Growth Strengthens Local Livelihoods: Tourism remains one of Jammu and Kashmir’s most important economic sectors, supporting hotels, guesthouses, transport operators, guides, restaurants, artisans and small businesses. Official data released by the Union Ministry of Tourism recorded approximately 2.07 crore domestic tourist visits to Jammu and Kashmir in 2023 and 2.35 crore in 2024. The figures underline the scale of domestic travel and the importance of tourism to the regional economy. The expansion of tourism has been supported by promotional campaigns, improved connectivity, the development of new destinations and efforts to diversify visitor experiences beyond established centres. Gulmarg, Pahalgam and Srinagar continue to attract visitors through their natural landscapes, cultural heritage and recreational opportunities. At the same time, destinations such as Gurez, Keran, Lolab and Teetwal offer scope for rural and border tourism, creating possibilities for local communities to participate directly in the visitor economy. Rural tourism can generate supplementary income for households through homestays, local transport, food services, handicrafts and guided experiences. It can also encourage the preservation of traditional architecture, cuisine and cultural practices. The film sector offers another avenue for economic activity. A supportive film policy and streamlined permission processes can help attract production houses while generating work for local technicians, hospitality providers, transport operators and artists. Pilgrimage tourism, including visits to the Shri Amarnathji shrine and Mata Vaishno Devi, also contributes to the region’s service economy. Improvements in transport, accommodation and visitor facilities can strengthen the experience of pilgrims while creating additional business opportunities. Sustainable tourism planning will be important in preserving the natural environment that makes Jammu and Kashmir distinctive. Responsible waste management, water conservation, improved public facilities and community participation can help ensure that tourism growth remains beneficial over the long term. The broader opportunity is to develop a tourism economy that combines higher visitor satisfaction with better local incomes, more employment and wider participation by small enterprises.

Grassroots Development And Youth Participation: Local institutions, entrepreneurship programmes and social welfare initiatives form another important part of Jammu and Kashmir’s development framework. Panchayati Raj institutions, block-level bodies and District Development Councils provide platforms for addressing local development needs. Their role in identifying priorities such as roads, drinking water, drainage, sanitation and public facilities can help ensure that development programmes respond to community requirements. Effective coordination among local institutions and administrative departments can improve the identification and implementation of projects. Greater transparency in fund allocation and project monitoring can further strengthen public confidence. Youth development is equally significant. With a large number of educated young people, Jammu and Kashmir has considerable potential to expand entrepreneurship, technology services, sports, tourism and creative industries. Skill-development initiatives can help connect young people with emerging employment opportunities, while business-support programmes can encourage them to establish enterprises in their own districts. The long-term value of these initiatives will be reflected in sustainable jobs, viable businesses and improved household incomes. Transparent recruitment procedures also remain important for young people aspiring to enter public service. Clear examination schedules, timely results and accessible grievance mechanisms can strengthen confidence in recruitment institutions. Healthcare initiatives, including Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY SEHAT, seek to improve financial access to medical treatment. Their effectiveness is reinforced by accessible hospitals, adequate medical staff and public awareness of available benefits. Similarly, support for education, sports and community infrastructure can help strengthen social development alongside economic growth. The central priority is to connect these programmes with measurable improvements in the everyday lives of residents, ensuring that development reaches both major towns and smaller communities.

Kashmir Horizon View: Jammu and Kashmir’s development journey under LG Manoj Sinha reflects an emphasis on administrative modernisation, physical connectivity, investment promotion and tourism expansion. Major railway milestones, a growing digital service network and initiatives to support entrepreneurship have contributed to a changing development landscape. These developments have also created opportunities to strengthen traditional sectors, including horticulture, handicrafts, handloom and small-scale tourism enterprises. Better infrastructure and digital access can help these industries reach wider markets and improve their competitiveness. The next phase can focus on converting infrastructure into productive economic activity, investment interest into operational enterprises, and online services into faster and more accessible public delivery. Expanding local employment, strengthening rural businesses and encouraging innovation can help distribute the gains of development more widely. Environmental sustainability will remain essential, particularly in a Himalayan region where tourism, agriculture, water resources and biodiversity are closely connected. Planning that combines economic expansion with conservation can protect the natural assets on which many livelihoods depend. Coordination between the Lieutenant Governor’s administration, the elected government, local institutions and civil society can further strengthen development planning. Transparent monitoring and public participation can help ensure that projects remain responsive to local needs. The progress achieved so far provides a foundation on which Jammu and Kashmir can continue building. Its geographical advantages, educated population, agricultural wealth, cultural heritage and tourism potential offer substantial opportunities for future growth. Ultimately, the success of the region’s development strategy will be measured by the opportunities it creates for residents: better connectivity for farmers, accessible services for citizens, new avenues for entrepreneurs, quality healthcare for families and meaningful employment for young people. With sustained investment, effective implementation and inclusive planning, Jammu and Kashmir can continue strengthening its position as a more connected, economically vibrant and opportunity-rich region.

(“Team Kashmir Horizon” is committed to continuous improvement and invites feedback and suggestions from readers and its followers on social media sites. Reader insights are considered vital for enhancing content quality and empowering the community. The team encourages open communication and values the thoughts and ideas of its audience, believing that such input will enable them to serve the public more effectively. The initiative aims to ensure that readers have the best possible experience with “Kashmir Horizon”. Interested individuals can reach out to us via email at editor@thekashmirhorizon.com.)

Mohammad Irfan

The Ladakh’s development priorities are increasingly being shaped by a combination of infrastructure expansion, environmental considerations, improved access to essential services and efforts to create new economic opportunities for its people. The inauguration of five development projects worth approximately ₹3,350 crore by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Wednesday brings these priorities into focus, with investments spanning air connectivity, roads, hydropower, water management and cultural heritage conservation. Inaugurated through video conferencing, the projects represent different dimensions of development in a region where geography, extreme weather and long distances have historically influenced economic activity and access to services. Their importance extends beyond the infrastructure created: they also raise questions about how improved connectivity, more reliable electricity and better water management can strengthen livelihoods, support tourism and expand opportunities for younger generations. The five projects include the expanded terminal at Kushok Bakula Rinpoche Airport in Leh, the Nimmu–Padum–Darcha road, the Hanu hydroelectric project and its associated transmission network, 40 reservoirs developed under Project Amrit Him Sarovar, and a Petroglyph Conservation Park in Leh. Addressing the inauguration, Modi said the projects would make travel easier, strengthen electricity infrastructure, improve water availability and contribute to the preservation of Ladakh’s ancient heritage. He also highlighted the need to provide young people with quality education, modern skills and improved sporting facilities within the region. The broader development approach reflected in these initiatives is significant for Ladakh, where economic growth must be considered alongside ecological sensitivity, cultural identity and the practical challenges of living in a high-altitude landscape.

Connectivity| Opening New Possibilities For Ladakh: Connectivity remains one of the most consequential factors shaping Ladakh’s economic prospects. The region’s mountainous terrain, long winters and dependence on a limited number of transport corridors affect the movement of people, goods and essential supplies. Improvements in road and air infrastructure can therefore influence tourism, trade, healthcare access and the delivery of public services. The expanded terminal at Kushok Bakula  Rinpoche Airport in Leh, developed at a reported cost of ₹650 crore, is designed to increase passenger-handling capacity from 10 lakh to 35 lakh annually. According to the Prime Minister, the facility triples the airport’s capacity and incorporates geothermal heating alongside solar energy to address the region’s climatic conditions. The expansion could help accommodate growing demand for air travel, particularly during peak tourist seasons. Greater passenger-handling capacity can improve the ability of the region to manage visitor arrivals while making travel more convenient for residents, business travellers and people seeking medical or educational services outside Ladakh. For tourism operators, hotels, homestays, taxi services, guides and local businesses, better air connectivity can provide access to a wider customer base. It may also make Ladakh more accessible for conferences, adventure tourism and other activities that depend on reliable travel arrangements. However, airport capacity is only one part of the tourism equation. The benefits will depend on the availability of accommodation, local transport, waste-management systems, trained workers and facilities capable of handling increased visitor numbers without placing excessive pressure on fragile ecosystems.

Power Infrastructure And The Challenge Of Reliable Energy: The inauguration of the Hanu hydroelectric project and its associated transmission network highlights another essential requirement for regional development: dependable electricity. Reliable power supports households, schools, hospitals, commercial establishments and small enterprises. In remote settlements, improvements in electricity infrastructure can reduce dependence on less reliable arrangements and help strengthen the delivery of essential services. For students, consistent electricity can improve access to digital learning and online educational resources. Healthcare facilities require dependable power for equipment, refrigeration and other essential functions. Businesses, meanwhile, need predictable electricity supplies to operate equipment, maintain communications and provide services.

Water Security And Climate Resilience: The dedication of 40 reservoirs developed under Project Amrit Him Sarovar brings water management into the centre of Ladakh’s development agenda. Water availability is fundamental to agriculture, horticulture, livestock rearing and the daily needs of communities. In a high-altitude region with limited growing seasons and difficult climatic conditions, the ability to store and manage water can influence agricultural productivity and the resilience of rural livelihoods. Prime Minister Modi said the reservoirs would help provide irrigation water to farmers when required during cultivation cycles. Their practical value will depend on local water availability, storage capacity, distribution arrangements and maintenance. Reservoirs can help manage seasonal supplies, but their effectiveness will be determined by whether they provide dependable access to water at the time and place it is needed. Water infrastructure also has a broader connection with climate resilience. Changes in temperature, precipitation patterns and the timing of snowmelt can affect water availability in mountain environments. Planning for these uncertainties requires careful monitoring, efficient use of available resources and coordination among communities and relevant departments. For agricultural households, improved water management can support efforts to diversify crops, improve productivity and reduce vulnerability to interruptions in supply. It can also help communities manage competing requirements for household consumption, livestock and cultivation.

Tourism And Livelihoods Beyond The Peak Season: Tourism remains an important source of economic activity in Ladakh, supporting accommodation providers, transport operators, restaurants, guides, adventure-tourism businesses and artisans. The region’s landscapes, monasteries, cultural traditions and winter conditions offer opportunities for a diverse tourism economy. During his address, Modi highlighted efforts to promote winter and adventure tourism and noted that homestays in Ladakh had increased from approximately 150 to 3,000. The expansion of homestays can create a direct link between tourism and household incomes. Unlike larger hospitality establishments, community-based accommodation can allow families to earn from spare rooms, traditional food, local knowledge and cultural experiences. Such enterprises may also create demand for local transport, food supplies, handicrafts and guiding services. If managed effectively, this can help spread tourism-related income across communities rather than concentrating it among a limited number of businesses. The promotion of winter tourism could further help businesses explore opportunities outside the main summer season. Activities associated with snow, ice hockey, mountaineering and other adventure pursuits can potentially diversify the visitor economy. However, winter tourism also requires investment in safety systems, trained personnel, emergency response arrangements, suitable accommodation and reliable transport. Weather-related disruptions and the environmental sensitivity of mountain destinations must remain central to planning.

Education,  Skills: Investing In The Next Generation: One of the most significant themes in Modi’s address was the need to expand educational and professional opportunities for Ladakh’s young population. He said a major Centre of Excellence was being built in Leh and referred to proposals for satellite campuses of IIT Jammu and IIM Jammu. The stated objective is to help local students access quality higher education, research facilities and modern skills without having to depend entirely on institutions in other cities. For students from remote and high-altitude communities, access to higher education can involve substantial financial and logistical challenges. Travel, accommodation and living expenses may place additional pressure on families, particularly when specialised courses are not available locally. Expanding educational opportunities within Ladakh could help address some of these barriers. A Centre of Excellence, if supported by strong academic programmes, qualified faculty, laboratories and industry partnerships, could create a platform for developing skills relevant to the region’s future economic needs. Areas such as renewable energy, environmental science, tourism management, digital technology, agriculture, mountain studies and entrepreneurship could have particular relevance, depending on the institution’s mandate and available resources.

“Digital platforms, online complaint systems, CCTV networks, forensic technologies and data-based policing are changing the way police agencies interact with citizens and investigate offences.Young officers with familiarity with technology can play an important role in accelerating this transition….”

The Sports As An Avenue For Youth Development: Prime Minister odi also highlighted the implementation of Ladakh’s new sports policy and efforts to provide young athletes with improved training and facilities. Ladakh has a distinctive sporting environment, particularly in ice hockey, winter sports and mountaineering. Local climatic conditions and terrain provide opportunities for activities that require specialised facilities, coaching and technical preparation. A structured sports policy can help identify promising athletes, improve access to coaching and provide more consistent support for participation in national and international competitions. Sports development can also have benefits beyond competition. Training facilities, organisedprogrammes and community participation can support physical fitness, discipline and confidence among young people. There may also be links between sports and tourism. Well-managed sporting events and training programmes can generate demand for accommodation, transport and other local services. Such opportunities, however, require careful planning, safety standards and sustained investment. For young athletes, access to qualified coaches, equipment, nutrition support and medical assistance can be as important as the availability of venues. Transparent selection processes and opportunities for participants from different parts of Ladakh would help ensure that the benefits of the policy are widely shared.

Preserving Heritage While Expanding The Economy: The inauguration of India’s first Petroglyph Conservation Park in Leh adds a cultural dimension to the development programme. Ladakh’s ancient rock art, monasteries, Buddhist traditions, festivals and distinctive architectural heritage are important components of its identity. They also form part of the region’s appeal to researchers, historians and visitors interested in its cultural history. Petroglyphs offer evidence of past human activity and cultural expression. Their preservation requires specialised conservation practices, documentation and protection against damage caused by weather, human activity and unmanaged tourism. A dedicated conservation park can help improve public awareness and provide a setting in which visitors can engage with this heritage. It may also create opportunities for educational programmes, research and responsible cultural tourism. The Prime Minister said the initiative would help future generations and visitors from India and abroad become more familiar with Ladakh’s history.

Local Products And The Search For Better Markets: The Prime Minister also highlighted the commercial potential of Ladakh’s sea-buckthorn, handicrafts, GI-tagged apricots, high-altitude floriculture and Pashmina produced by the Changpa community. These products offer opportunities to connect traditional livelihoods with wider markets. However, producers often require more than access to raw materials or a distinctive product. Branding, quality standards, packaging, processing, transport and reliable market linkages can influence the income they receive. Sea-buckthorn, for example, has potential for value-added products, while apricots can support processing and differentiated marketing. Handicrafts and Pashmina can reach specialised domestic and international consumers if their provenance, quality and craftsmanship are communicated effectively. Digital commerce may also help small producers connect with buyers beyond local markets. Yet online platforms need to be supported by dependable logistics, transparent pricing, product standards and systems that allow producers to receive a fair share of the final value. The emphasis on improving branding and market access is therefore relevant to rural livelihoods. The objective should be to strengthen the position of farmers, artisans and pastoral communities within supply chains.

Development Must Be Measured By Its Local Impact: Prime Minister odi also outlined broader infrastructure gains since Ladakh became a Union Territory in 2019. According to the figures cited in his address, the road network has expanded from 1,800 kilometres to more than 4,000 kilometres, major bridges have increased from 19 to nearly 75, helipads from seven to more than 40, and household tap-water coverage from 3.5 per cent to nearly 99 per cent. He also said hospital beds had doubled and referred to the ongoing Zojila Tunnel project. These figures, presented by the Prime Minister, indicate the scale of infrastructure development claimed by the government. Their significance is best understood alongside the quality, accessibility and reliability of the services delivered. For residents, a road matters when it provides safe and dependable access. A water connection matters when supplies are adequate and regular. A power project matters when electricity reaches households and businesses reliably. Educational infrastructure matters when students can access quality teaching and meaningful career opportunities. This distinction is important in Ladakh, where geographical challenges can make the delivery and maintenance of public services particularly demanding. The establishment of a High Court Bench for Ladakh, which Modi said received government approval in August 2026, also addresses an institutional dimension of regional development. Improved access to judicial services could reduce the burden of travelling long distances for legal proceedings, subject to the arrangements and services established under the approved framework. Digital connectivity, including the expansion of BharatNet and high-speed internet in remote areas, can complement these improvements by supporting e-governance, online learning and commercial activity. The combined impact of physical infrastructure, digital access and public institutions could help make essential services more accessible across the territory.

Kashmir Horizon View: The inauguration of five projects worth approximately ₹3,350 crore provides an opportunity to examine how infrastructure investment can support a broader development strategy for Ladakh. The projects address different but interconnected requirements: mobility, electricity, water management and cultural preservation. Their benefits could extend to tourism, agriculture, education, local commerce and the delivery of public services. Yet the results will depend on implementation beyond the inauguration stage. Roads and reservoirs require maintenance; power infrastructure needs reliable distribution; airports must operate efficiently; and conservation projects need sustained professional oversight. Equally important is the participation of local communities in determining how development priorities are implemented. Ladakh’s geography and cultural diversity mean that the needs of different settlements may vary considerably. Local consultation can help ensure that investments respond to practical requirements and that the resulting opportunities are accessible to residents. The region’s development strategy will also need to account for environmental pressures. Tourism, transport and construction can create economic benefits, but they must be balanced with the protection of water resources, fragile landscapes and cultural sites. For young people, the greatest long-term gains may come from the interaction of infrastructure with education, skills and entrepreneurship. Better roads and power can support businesses, while stronger educational institutions can prepare local residents to take advantage of the opportunities created. For farmers and artisans, improved transport, digital access and market linkages can help connect traditional products with new customers. For remote communities, reliable essential services can improve everyday life and strengthen economic resilience. The five projects, taken together, reflect an approach that combines large infrastructure investments with efforts to protect heritage and improve the foundations of local livelihoods. Whether this approach produces lasting and broadly shared benefits will depend on how effectively the new facilities are maintained, how well they serve local needs and how closely future investments are linked to skills, employment and environmental sustainability.

(“Team Kashmir Horizon” is committed to continuous improvement and invites feedback and suggestions from readers and its followers on social media sites. Reader insights are considered vital for enhancing content quality and empowering the community. The team encourages open communication and values the thoughts and ideas of its audience, believing that such input will enable them to serve the public more effectively. The initiative aims to ensure that readers have the best possible experience with “Kashmir Horizon”. Interested individuals can reach out to us via email at editor@thekashmirhorizon.com.)

The proceedings have brought renewed urgency to the long-pending matter concerning the inclusion of 150 MBBS seats of Kashmir Medical College in the 2026–27 seat matrix, with the institution pressing for immediate regulatory action to ensure that its inaugural academic session is not jeopardised by further delays.

Hearing the matter, Justice Mohd Yousuf Wani directed the NMC and its Medical Assessment and Rating Board (MARB) to make every effort to conduct the inspection early in the week and submit the requisite compliance report within the stipulated deadline.

Kashmir Medical College has maintained that repeated administrative delays, despite substantial compliance with statutory requirements, cannot be allowed to deprive the institution of its legitimate opportunity to commence admissions or deny 150 aspiring medical students an academic year.

The dispute originated from MARB’s June 9, 2026 decision rejecting the college’s application on the grounds that its infrastructure remained under development. The institution challenged the decision, arguing that it had been taken without a physical inspection or the identification of specific deficiencies that could have been addressed in accordance with the applicable statutory framework.

On August 24, 2026, the Second Appellate Authority under the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare remanded the matter to the NMC for reconsideration, observing that the college had substantially complied with statutory requirements, including infrastructure availability and procurement of necessary certificates.

Srinagar| Oct, 10: Jammu and Kashmir’s fiscal outlook, revenue mobilisation and development priorities have come into focus following the 57th meeting of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council, with Chief Minister Omar Abdullah expressing confidence that the decisions taken by the Council would strengthen the Union Territory’s financial position and support economic growth. Chief Minister Abdullah, who attended the meeting in New Delhi in his capacity as Finance Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, said the decisions would help accelerate development and advance public welfare. The meeting was chaired by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and attended by chief ministers, finance ministers and senior officials from across the country. For Jammu and Kashmir, the significance of GST policy extends beyond tax administration. As a Union Territory with an elected government and substantial development requirements, it must maintain a careful balance between generating revenue, meeting expenditure commitments and investing in infrastructure and essential public services. The Council’s deliberations on revenue mobilisation, fiscal capacity and cooperative federalism therefore carry particular relevance for J&K, where public investment plays an important role in supporting economic activity, improving connectivity and strengthening services across urban and rural areas. The immediate question is how national tax-policy decisions can translate into a stronger revenue base, a more predictable fiscal environment and greater economic opportunities for businesses, traders, tourism operators, manufacturers and households across the Union Territory.
Fiscal Stability At The Centre Of Development: A Government’s fiscal position determines how effectively it can finance public services, maintain infrastructure and undertake development projects. For Jammu and Kashmir, this responsibility encompasses a wide range of needs, including roads, healthcare, education, drinking water, urban infrastructure, rural development and support for agriculture and horticulture. GST is an important component of the revenue framework because it brings together the taxation of goods and services within a common national system. As part of the broader indirect-tax structure, it affects business activity, consumption, compliance and the revenue available to governments. The GST Council provides a constitutional forum in which the Centre and states and Union Territories with legislatures deliberate on tax rates, exemptions, administrative arrangements and other matters relating to the indirect-tax system. Its decisions can influence the business environment and the capacity of governments to mobilise revenue. However, the actual impact on Jammu and Kashmir’s finances depends on the specific measures adopted, their implementation and the resulting changes in economic activity and tax collections. Abdullah’s confidence that the Council’s decisions would strengthen J&K’s fiscal position reflects the importance his government attaches to the GST framework as an instrument of economic and administrative stability. A stronger revenue position can provide greater flexibility in financing development priorities, although sustained fiscal health also requires efficient expenditure management, effective tax administration and a growing productive economy.
Why GST Matters For Jammu & Kashmir: Jammu and Kashmir’s economy has several distinctive characteristics. Tourism, horticulture, handicrafts, trade, transport, construction and services contribute to livelihoods and commercial activity across the region. These sectors operate through interconnected supply chains. Agricultural produce moves from farms to mandis, storage facilities and markets; handicrafts pass through producers, traders and retailers; and tourism supports hotels, transport operators, restaurants, guides and local service providers. A predictable tax system can help businesses plan investments, manage costs and operate within a common regulatory framework. A well-functioning GST mechanism can also improve the documentation of transactions and reduce some of the complications associated with multiple indirect taxes. For small businesses, however, the benefits depend on whether compliance procedures remain manageable. Traders and service providers need clear information, accessible tax assistance and timely resolution of disputes to ensure that compliance does not become an unnecessary burden. The impact of GST on J&K must therefore be evaluated through both revenue and economic activity. Higher collections can strengthen public finances, but the quality of the tax system also depends on whether it supports formalisation, encourages lawful business practices and allows enterprises to expand. For an economy seeking to generate more employment and strengthen its private sector, tax administration must be efficient, transparent and responsive to the needs of businesses.
Revenue Mobilisation And The Challenge Of Expenditure: One of the key issues discussed at the Council meeting was the need to strengthen the fiscal capacity of states and Union Territories. Revenue mobilisation is particularly important for governments with extensive development responsibilities. Roads require maintenance, public institutions need recurring expenditure and welfare programmes must be implemented consistently. Delays in revenue realisation or inefficient spending can affect the pace of development projects. For Jammu and Kashmir, strengthening own-source revenue while using available central assistance effectively will remain an important part of fiscal management. GST collections are influenced by several factors, including consumption, the performance of registered businesses, compliance levels and the composition of economic activity. Improved tax administration and greater formalisation can contribute to collections, while economic expansion can broaden the taxable base. At the same time, revenue growth should be accompanied by careful expenditure planning. Public money must be directed towards projects and services that generate tangible social and economic returns. Infrastructure investments that improve transport connectivity, strengthen tourism facilities, support agricultural supply chains and improve access to essential services can contribute to long-term economic capacity. The objective should be to ensure that fiscal resources support both immediate public needs and investments capable of generating future growth.
Tourism, Horticulture And The Wider Economy: The relationship between tax policy and economic development is especially relevant to Jammu and Kashmir’s major economic sectors. Tourism creates employment and business opportunities across accommodation, transport, food services, handicrafts and local commerce. A stable business environment can help tourism enterprises plan operations and invest in improved facilities. Horticulture, particularly apple production, is another important contributor to the region’s economy. The sector depends on transportation, packaging, cold storage, processing and marketing networks. Greater investment in these areas can improve efficiency, reduce post-harvest losses and strengthen market access. GST-related decisions can influence the taxation and compliance obligations of businesses operating across these supply chains. Their actual effect, however, depends on the relevant tax provisions and the nature of each transaction.
Cooperative Federalism And J&K’s Fiscal Interests: The GST Council is an important example of cooperative federalism because it provides a platform for the Centre and participating state and Union Territory governments to discuss a common tax framework. Decisions taken through the Council can affect governments with different economic structures, revenue capacities and expenditure requirements. Reaching consensus requires balancing national objectives with the practical concerns of individual jurisdictions. For Jammu and Kashmir, participation in these deliberations provides an opportunity to place its fiscal and economic priorities within the national discussion. The Union Territory’s geographical conditions, seasonal economic patterns and development requirements make the effective use of public resources particularly important. Connectivity projects, infrastructure in remote areas and essential services often involve substantial costs. Cooperation between the Centre and the J&K government can support more effective implementation of national policies, while regular engagement through institutions such as the GST Council can help address tax-related concerns.
From Policy Decisions To Public Benefits: The significance of the latest GST Council meeting will ultimately be measured by its practical outcomes. A stronger fiscal position can help the government plan expenditure more effectively, but improved public finances must translate into visible benefits for citizens. These include better roads, more reliable public services, stronger healthcare and educational facilities, and an environment in which businesses can create sustainable employment. Tax administration also needs to remain accessible. Small traders, entrepreneurs and service providers should be able to understand their obligations, complete compliance requirements and resolve genuine difficulties without excessive procedural costs. For the government, regular monitoring of collections, expenditure and the performance of development programmes will be important in determining whether policy decisions are producing the intended results. Equally, economic growth must be broad-based. Tourism, horticulture, handicrafts, manufacturing and services all have the potential to contribute to employment and revenue generation if supported by appropriate infrastructure and a predictable business environment. The relationship between revenue and development is therefore not one-directional. Efficient tax collection helps finance public investment, while productive public investment can improve economic activity and expand the revenue base over time.

Mohammad Irfan

India’s semiconductor The completion of 25 years in government by Prime Minister Narendra Modi marks a significant milestone in India’s contemporary political and administrative history. Beginning his tenure as Gujarat Chief Minister on October 7, 2001, and assuming office as Prime Minister in May 2014, Modi has spent a quarter-century at the head of a government, carrying a political and administrative approach from the state level to the national stage. On October 6, 2026, the Union Cabinet passed a resolution congratulating him on completing 25 years of continuous leadership as head of government. The resolution outlined ten defining features of his tenure, spanning welfare delivery, social empowerment, economic reforms, infrastructure, technological innovation, national security, diplomacy and cultural heritage. The Cabinet resolution presents these areas as interconnected elements of a broader vision of national development. Beyond the symbolism of the anniversary, the milestone offers an opportunity to examine how the priorities associated with Modi’s leadership have influenced governance and public service delivery. The central theme is the movement from announcing welfare programmes and development projects towards building systems intended to deliver benefits directly, monitor implementation and expand access across a country of continental scale. The philosophy frequently associated with this approach is Jan Seva Se Desh Seva—service to the people as service to the nation. Its larger objective is expressed through the ambition of Viksit Bharat 2047, a vision of a developed India by the centenary of Independence.

From Gujarat’s Administrative Experiments To National Governance: Modi’s tenure in Gujarat provided an early setting for several administrative initiatives that subsequently influenced the national governance framework. The Cabinet resolution highlights the SWAGAT grievance-redressal system and Jyotigram Yojana as examples of this evolution. SWAGAT, designed to bring citizens’ grievances directly to the attention of the administration, received the United Nations Public Service Award in 2010. Its underlying principle was that public complaints should not remain trapped in layers of bureaucracy but should be reviewed, tracked and addressed through a structured mechanism. At the national level, the PRAGATI platform extended a related approach by enabling the Prime Minister to review important projects, examine implementation delays and bring officials from different levels of government into the same monitoring process. The emphasis on regular review and accountability sought to address a longstanding challenge in Indian administration: the gap between policy approval and delivery on the ground. Jyotigram Yojana, which reorganised electricity supply through separate feeders for agricultural and other rural consumers, represented another effort to address a practical development problem through infrastructure and administrative planning. The significance of these initiatives lies less in any claim that a single state model can be transferred unchanged to an entire country and more in the effort to adapt administrative practices to a larger scale. India’s diversity requires policies to respond to regional conditions, but systems for grievance redressal, monitoring and coordination can provide common institutional foundations. The Gujarat experience therefore became part of the narrative of Modi’s national leadership: identify an administrative problem, establish a mechanism to address it, monitor its performance and extend the approach where it proves useful.

Direct Benefit Transfer| Changing The Architecture Of Welfare: One of the most consequential changes associated with the period since 2014 has been the expansion of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), which seeks to transfer government assistance directly into beneficiaries’ bank accounts. The idea of DBT predates Modi’s prime ministership, having been launched in 2013. Its subsequent expansion, however, was closely linked to the growth of Jan Dhan bank accounts, Aadhaar-based identification and mobile connectivity. Together, these systems strengthened the infrastructure through which government benefits could reach individuals. The scale of the programme illustrates the transformation. According to the official DBT Bharat dashboard, cumulative transfers had crossed ₹53 lakh crore by October 2026, covering 320 schemes administered by 56 ministries. The portal also reports estimated gains of more than ₹5.14 lakh crore from measures associated with reducing duplication and leakages. These are official estimates rather than an independent audit of every programme. DBT Bharat dashboard. The importance of DBT becomes clearer when viewed against the longstanding problem of welfare delivery. In 1985, former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi famously observed that only 15 paise of every rupee intended for the poor reached the intended beneficiary. The remark came to symbolise the weaknesses of a system in which multiple administrative layers could separate public expenditure from its intended recipient. DBT seeks to reduce that distance. Instead of relying entirely on physical distribution, paper-based processes and intermediaries, the government can transfer money directly to a verified account. This approach can improve traceability, reduce certain forms of duplication and allow beneficiaries to receive payments without travelling repeatedly to government offices. Its significance extends across different forms of assistance, including pensions, scholarships, agricultural support and other welfare entitlements. For a farmer awaiting financial assistance, a student receiving a scholarship or an eligible household receiving a benefit, the timing and reliability of a payment can affect everyday decisions. The system is not without implementation challenges. Failed transactions, inactive accounts, authentication difficulties and errors in beneficiary records can prevent eligible people from receiving assistance on time. Digital delivery must therefore be accompanied by accessible grievance-redressal mechanisms, functioning banking services and safeguards against exclusion. Nevertheless, DBT represents an important administrative shift: welfare is increasingly being designed around identifiable beneficiaries and traceable transactions. Its larger contribution lies in creating a delivery infrastructure that can support multiple programmes rather than requiring each scheme to build an entirely separate payment mechanism.

Financial Inclusion And Dignity For Households: The expansion of financial inclusion has reinforced this change. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana brought millions of people into the formal banking system, particularly households that previously had limited access to bank accounts.

Women, Farmers And Communities At The Centre Of Development : The Cabinet resolution places particular emphasis on social empowerment, recognising women, young people, farmers and vulnerable communities as important participants in India’s development. The Lakhpati Didi initiative seeks to support women associated with self-help groups in developing livelihoods that generate annual household incomes of at least ₹1 lakh. The government has highlighted the expansion of such initiatives as part of its effort to strengthen women’s economic participation. The significance of this approach lies in moving beyond welfare recipients towards income-generating participation. Access to credit, training, markets and enterprise opportunities can enable women to strengthen their economic independence and contribute more directly to household decision-making. The Nari Shakti VandanAdhiniyam, which provides for reservation for women in the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies, is another major policy development. Its implementation remains linked to the constitutional process specified in the legislation, including the relevant census and delimitation provisions. Its long-term significance will depend on how effectively the commitment translates into greater representation. For farmers, the PM-KISAN scheme has provided direct financial assistance to eligible landholding farmer families. The Cabinet resolution notes that cumulative transfers under the scheme have exceeded ₹4 lakh crore. While such support can help meet some agricultural expenses, farmers’ long-term prosperity also depends on remunerative prices, irrigation, storage, market access, climate resilience and affordable inputs. Similarly, the PM-JANMAN initiative has focused on particularly vulnerable tribal communities, seeking to improve access to housing, roads, healthcare, education, drinking water and other essential services. These initiatives reflect a development approach that combines financial support with efforts to address gaps in access. Their lasting value will depend on whether they expand opportunities, improve incomes and help communities become more resilient.

“The vision of Viksit Bharat 2047 provides a long-term framework within which infrastructure, education, healthcare, manufacturing, scientific research and social empowerment can be pursued together……..”

Artificial Reform, Infra And The Pursuit Of Self-Reliance: Another defining feature of Modi’s tenure has been the emphasis on economic reform and large-scale infrastructure development. The introduction of the Goods and Services Tax in 2017 sought to bring multiple indirect taxes into a common framework. The reform aimed to reduce the fragmentation of India’s internal market and improve the movement of goods across state borders. Its implementation required extensive coordination between the Centre and states, while businesses, particularly smaller enterprises, had to adapt to new compliance systems. The Government’s broader reform agenda has also included changes to insolvency procedures, digital payments, labour regulation and criminal laws. The replacement of colonial-era criminal laws in 2023, which came into force in July 2024, was presented as an effort to modernise India’s criminal justice framework. The results of reform must ultimately be judged by whether they improve efficiency, reduce unnecessary compliance burdens, support investment and strengthen public institutions. In a large and diverse economy, reforms frequently require adjustments after implementation, making consultation and administrative capacity essential to their success. Infrastructure investment has been another prominent feature of the period. The Cabinet resolution points to an increase in public capital expenditure from approximately ₹2 lakh crore to more than ₹12 lakh crore. Higher public investment in roads, railways and other infrastructure is intended to improve connectivity, reduce logistics costs and support economic activity.

Digital India And The Growing Role Of Technology: Technology has become a central instrument of governance during Modi’s tenure. The combination of digital identity, bank accounts and mobile connectivity has helped expand the delivery of public services, while the Unified Payments Interface has changed how individuals and businesses make everyday payments. Digital payments have reduced dependence on cash in many transactions and enabled small merchants, service providers and consumers to transfer money quickly. Their expansion has also demonstrated how a shared digital infrastructure can support a wide range of private and public services.

Heritage, Environmental Responsibility And The 2047 Vision: The final theme of the Cabinet resolution brings together cultural heritage, environmental responsibility and the long-term ambition of a developed India. The promotion of yoga internationally, the development of pilgrimage infrastructure and the restoration or redevelopment of important religious and cultural sites have been presented as part of a wider effort to strengthen India’s cultural identity. The consecration of Ram Lalla at Ayodhya in January 2024 became a major national event, while projects such as the redevelopment of Kashi Vishwanath Dham sought to improve access to a significant pilgrimage centre. Alongside cultural initiatives, the government has highlighted renewable energy, climate action and international environmental partnerships. India’s expansion of solar and wind energy, its participation in the International Solar Alliance and its commitments under international climate agreements reflect the growing importance of energy transition. The challenge is to balance economic growth with environmental protection. For a country facing rising energy demand, extreme weather risks and pressure on natural resources, development must increasingly account for resilience, efficient resource use and the needs of future generations. The vision of Viksit Bharat 2047 provides a long-term framework within which infrastructure, education, healthcare, manufacturing, scientific research and social empowerment can be pursued together. Reaching that objective will require sustained productivity growth, quality employment, effective institutions, investment in human capital and equitable access to opportunities.

Kashmir Horizon View : The Union Cabinet’s resolution marks 25 years since Modi began leading a government in Gujarat and recognises the continuation of that leadership at the national level since 2014. The journey has been characterised by an emphasis on direct welfare delivery, administrative monitoring, infrastructure expansion, digital systems, manufacturing, national security and international engagement. The spread of these priorities across different sectors provides a framework for understanding the governance model associated with his tenure. The most important test of this model lies in its outcomes. Financial transfers must translate into meaningful household security; infrastructure must generate productive opportunities; manufacturing must create sustainable employment; and technological advances must remain accessible and secure. Social empowerment must be reflected in greater participation and opportunity, while national ambition must be matched by improvements in the everyday lives of citizens. The next phase will require the government to build on existing systems, address implementation gaps and respond to changing economic, environmental and technological conditions. India’s development goals are too extensive to be achieved through any single programme or institution. They depend on cooperation among the Centre, states, local governments, businesses, universities, civil society and citizens. As Modi completes 25 years at the head of government, the anniversary therefore represents both a record of initiatives undertaken and a measure of the responsibilities that lie ahead. The ambition of Viksit Bharat 2047 will ultimately be judged by whether India’s growth becomes more inclusive, its institutions more effective, its economy more productive and the opportunities available to its people more secure. The enduring significance of the milestone will rest not simply on the length of leadership, but on the lasting improvements that this period of governance delivers to the country and its citizens.

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